Inheritance of mechanical properties of a material during directed formation

Objective – development of a comprehensive model that takes into account the interrelationship between the structure of a gear wheel, material properties and technological processing parameters. This model should predict the operational characteristics of the wheel, considering the impact of both internal and external factors. Mechanical testing was conducted using electromechanical tensile testing equipment from Tinius Olsen, model H100KU, to determine the mechanical properties of the metal. Samples in compliance with GOST 1497-84 were used for monitoring material properties (tensile strength, yield strength, etc.) at loads above 100 N/mm². The mechanical properties of the metal were monitored after each processing operation. The mechanical properties of the steels 16Kh3NVFMB-Sh, 20Kh3MVF-Sh, 18Kh2N4MA and 12Kh2N4A-Sh were investigated for different blanks and types of treatment (pressure forming, mechanical and abrasive, thermochemical and heat treatment). Analysis of the mechanical properties of the metal revealed significant differences in hardness, strength and ductility between samples obtained by different methods. It was shown that these differences are due to the microstructure of the material (grain size, presence of inclusions, degree of deformation) formed during processing. The analysis was based on parameters including the coefficient of technological inheritance and structural inheritance. It was found that the inheritance of the mechanical properties of the material through pressure working followed by heat treatment shows a positive trend relative to rolled material with similar heat treatment. This method results in an increase in tensile strength of up to 6.2% and in yield strength of up to 5.3%. Furthermore, it was shown that the increase in the quantitative indicator of structural inheritance after thermochemical treatment, relative to grinding of the hardened layer, is at least 49% for tensile strength and at least 68% for yield strength. The developed multidimensional model of gear interaction takes into account a wide range of factors that influence its operation, including material properties, temperature fields in the contact zone of the tooth, dynamic loads and the effect of lubricant.

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