Обзор методов моделирования и управления киберфизическими системами в мультиэнергетических микросетях

Цель – провести анализ развития методов моделирования и управления мультиэнергетическими микросетями с позиции использования киберфизических систем. Для проведения исследования были использованы методы литературного обзора и мета-анализа в области моделирования и управления киберфизическими системами в мультиэнергетичесских микросетях на основе опубликованных статей, входящих в международные базы данных Scopus, Web of Science, Elibrary, IEEEXplore и других источников информации. Проведенный анализ показывает, что текущее развитие киберфизических систем идет по пути внедрения концепции интеллектуальных электрических сетей. В данном исследовании резюмируется, что интерфейсы управления, каналы передачи данных и удаленные порты отладки являются уязвимыми частями устройств интернета вещей IoT, которые могут быть потенциально атакованы злоумышленниками. Проведенный анализ опубликованных работ в последние годы в рассматриваемом направлении указывает на то, что мультиагентные технологии представляются эффективным подходом не только для оперативного управления режимами мультиэнергетической микросети, но и для построения еe надeжной информационной сети на уровне систем среднего и низкого напряжений. Обзор информационных технологий в области систем распределeнной энергетики показывает, что чем больше добавляется возможностей по приему и обработке различного рода информации (данные по транзакциям, параметры режима, статус контролеров и т.п.) из внешних источников, тем более уязвима мультиэнергетическая микросеть к киберугрозам. Для эффективного решения задачи распределения нагрузки между различными энергоисточниками с минимизацией затрат необходимо использовать современные математические методы, такие как искусственный интеллект, динамическая оптимизация и мультиагентные подходы.

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