Development of inert cathode technology. Part 1. Titanium diboride-based compact products and adhesive pastes

Abstract

The purpose is to determine the development level and current status of aluminum wetted cathode technology; to promote the development and design of new generation of aluminum electrolyzers with horizontal and vertical inert electrodes; to review the achievements of research centers around the world in the development of inert cathode technology. It is revealed that experts associate the improvement of existing structures and design of a new generation of electrolyzers with the development of new materials. Since 1950s the concept of an aluminum wetted cathode surface with increased resistance to aggressive environment has been developed. The aluminum wetted material for cathode lining should have satisfactory strength and resistance to cracking, electrolyte reagents, aluminum and an oxidizing medium. Of the large number of materials and products for drained cathodes tested over 65 years, the research has been focused on titanium diboride materials in the form of cathode elements (tiles, cylinders) or adhesive pastes/composites on the surface of the coal bed. Unfortunately, these products and coatings still do not have wide industrial application. The main reason and limiting factor of commercial turnover is the high cost of powders and compact products, which results from the extreme properties of titanium diboride and the need to use complex equipment for synthesis and pressing of cathodes of a given shape.