ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2018-5-166-182ipolytech-98Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКАPOWER ENGINEERINGВАРИАНТЫ ГИБКОСТИ ДЛЯ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТУАЛЬНЫХ СЕТЕЙ ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЯ. ОСНОВНЫЕ ПОНЯТИЯFLEXIBILITY OPTIONS FOR SMART GRIDS. BASIC CONCEPTSКомарницкиП.KomarnickiP.noemail@neicon.ruКранхольдМ.KranholdM.noemail@neicon.ruСокольниковаТ.SokolnikovaT. V.stvz@list.ruСтычинскиЗ.StyczynskiZ.sty@ovgu.deИнститут Фраунгофера ИФФ Магдебург, Университет прикладных наук Магдебург, ГерманияРоссияFraunhofer Institute IFF Magdeburg, University of Applied Sciences Magdeburg, GermanyRussian Federation50Hertz Transmission GmbH Берлин, ГерманияРоссия50Hertz Transmission GmbH Berlin, GermanyRussian FederationИркутский национальный исследовательский технический университетРоссияIrkutsk National Research Technical UniversityRussian FederationУниверситет Отто-фон-Герике в Магдебурге, ГерманияРоссияOtto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, GermanyRussian Federation201815092020225166182Copyright © Комарницки П., Кранхольд М., Сокольникова Т.V., Стычински З., 20202020Комарницки П., Кранхольд М., Сокольникова Т., Стычински З.Komarnicki P., Kranhold M., Sokolnikova T.V., Styczynski Z.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/98

ЦЕЛЬ. Для увеличения производства электроэнергии от возобновляемыми источниками требуются новые стратегии эксплуатации энергосистемы, особенно на уровнях ее распределения. Новые механизмы, называемые вариантами гибкости, необходимы для сглаживания зависимости возобновляемой генерации от погодных условий, и таким образом стабилизации работы Smart Grid (интеллектуальной энергосистемы). В данной работе представлены различные варианты гибкости для интеллектуальной энергосистемы. Кроме того, представлены некоторые практические примеры работы современных интеллектуальных сетей, а также методология планирования вариантов гибкости. Широкий список современных ссылок и краткое изложение делают эту обзорную статью полезной как введение в эту ориентированную на будущее научную тему. МЕТОДЫ. Эксплуатация энергосистемы с возобновляемыми источниками зачастую формирует так называемые узкие места в электроэнергетической системе. Используемый метод - это перепланирование производства электроэнергии или применение локальных вариантов гибкости, например, накопителей энергии или управления спросом. РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ И ИХ ОБСУЖДЕНИЕ. В электроэнергетической системе будущего, которая будет основана на использовании возобновляемых источников энергии, требуется так называемый вариант гибкости для стабильной и экономически выгодной эксплуатации системы. В этой статье представлен список таких вариантов гибкости и методологии выбора их оптимального сочетания. Оптимальный выбор зависит от структуры энергосистемы и текущего рабочего состояния и может быстро изменяться. ВЫВОДЫ. В некоторых странах стратегии эксплуатации энергосистемы необходимо проверять в связи с большой долей возобновляемой и другой децентрализованной генерации. В будущем доля возобновляемых источников энергии будет увеличиваться еще быстрее, поэтому в настоящее время необходимо разработать широкий спектр вариантов гибкости для стабилизации и оптимизации работы энергосистемы. В данной работе авторы приводят обзор возможных мер и показывают, как можно в целом перенести эти меры в планирование и эксплуатацию. Также приводятся не только общие рекомендации, но и реальные примеры. В будущих работах основное внимание будет сосредоточено на разработке алгоритмов для оптимальной гибкости в практической работе Smart Grids.

PURPOSE. Increased renewable generation requires new operation strategies of power systems especially at distribution levels. New mechanisms - so-called flexibility options - are necessary for smoothing the weather dependence of renewable generation and stabilizing the Smart Grid operation in this way. The paper presents different flexibility options of a Smart Grid. Moreover, some practical examples of modern Smart Grid operation have been given and the methodology for flexibility option planning has been presented. A wide range of modern references and summary make this review paper useful as an introduction to this future-oriented scientific topic. METHODS. Operation of power system with renewable sources often causes bottlenecks in the power grid. The used method is redispatshing the power generation or application of local flexibility options e.g. energy storages or demand management. RESULTS AND THEIR DISCUSSION. The electric power system of the future, which will use renewable generation, needs a flexibility option for stabile and economically profitable operation. The list of such flexibility options and the selection methodology of optimal flexibilities mix is presented in this paper. The optimal selection depends on the power system structure and current operation condition as well as can change rapidly. CONCLUSIONS. The strategies of power system operation are to be checked in some countries due to the wide presence of the large proportion of renewable and other decentralized generation. In the future the percentage of renewable generation will increase even faster therefore today there is the need to develop a wide range of flexibility options to stabilize and optimize the power system operation. Having overviewed the possible measures, this paper shows how to transfer them in general into the planning and operational practice. The paper provides both general remarks and real examples. The future works will focus on the development of algorithms for optimal flexibility and practical operation of Smart Grids.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.