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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2024-3-513-537</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">AEDFQP</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-850</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблемы и решения защиты углеграфитовых электродов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Problems and solutions to protection of carbon-graphite electrodes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2990-3601</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горланов</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorlanov</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy S. Gorlanov - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Deputy Director of the Scientific Centre for Problems of Mineral and Anthropogenic Resources Processing.</p><p>2, 21st line, Saint-Petersburg 199106</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Gorlanov_ES@pers.spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6531-6331</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сизяков</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sizyakov</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor M. Sizyakov - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Scientific Director of the Scientific Centre for Problems of Mineral and Anthropogenic Resources Processing.</p><p>2, 21st line, Saint-Petersburg 199106</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sizyakov_VM@pers.spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1139-3968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шариков</surname><given-names>Ф. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharikov</surname><given-names>F. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Felix Yu. Sharikov - Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher of the Scientific Centre for Problems of Mineral and Anthropogenic Resources Processing.</p><p>2, 21st line, Saint-Petersburg 199106</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Sharikov_FYu@pers.spmi.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Спекторук</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Spektoruk</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Аleksey А. Spektoruk - Deputy General Director – Chief Operating Officer.</p><p>Linevo workers’ settlement, Novosibirsk region, 633216</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ASpektoruk@el6.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бутакова</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Butakova</surname><given-names>Т. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Тatiana V. Butakova - Chief Process Engineer.</p><p>Linevo workers’ settlement, Novosibirsk region, 633216</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">TButakowa@el6.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский горный университет императрицы Екатерины II</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Empress Catherine II Saint-Petersburg Mining University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ООО «Эл6»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>LLC «El6»</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>513</fpage><lpage>537</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Горланов Е.С., Сизяков В.М., Шариков Ф.Ю., Спекторук А.А., Бутакова Т.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Горланов Е.С., Сизяков В.М., Шариков Ф.Ю., Спекторук А.А., Бутакова Т.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gorlanov E.S., Sizyakov V.M., Sharikov F.Y., Spektoruk А.А., Butakova Т.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/850">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/850</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – литературный обзор существующих проблем и решений по защите углеграфитовых электродов от деструктивного воздействия агрессивной среды дуговых сталеплавильных печей, магниевых и алюминиевых электролизеров. В работе приведено обсуждение наиболее значимых результатов исследований коррозионной стойкости катодов и анодов по отношению к физическому, химическому и электрохимическому износу, окислительной среде, а также к активным компонентам внедрения и разрушения углеродной структуры. Проведен анализ предложений и технических решений по уменьшению или исключению воздействия агрессивной среды на электроды в конкретных условиях работы металлургических агрегатов. Установлено, что потери от бокового окисления поверхности электродов дуговых сталеплавильных печей при прохождении температурной зоны 600–800ºС достигают 40–60% от общего расхода. Значительное разрушающее воздействие на углеграфитовые изделия оказывает специфическое взаимодействие углерода с элементами и соединениями рабочей среды, способными внедряться (интеркалировать) в межслойную структуру углерода. Существующие технические и технологические решения распространяются на защиту поверхности изделий и выполняют свои функции в течение короткого времени, но не в течение срока службы металлургического агрегата. Предложено сконцентрироваться на обеспечении объемной защиты электродов от воздействия агрессивной среды. Представлены промежуточные результаты перспективного направления синтеза композитных материалов на основе углерода, адаптированного к условиям производства электродов на действующих предприятиях, а также результаты исследования окисляемости этих композитов. Существующие и предлагаемые технические решения по защите поверхности углеродных изделий не получили широкого признания, либо не используются в металлургической отрасли. Вероятная причина – ограниченный период защиты поверхности электродов, сложность воспроизведения или отсутствие рентабельности из-за высокой стоимости защитных компонентов. В этой связи для обсуждения предложено перспективное направление создания коррозионно-стойких материалов – синтез композитных электродов C – TiC/TiB2 на основе нефтяного кокса и графита в стандартных условиях промышленного производства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This paper presents literature review of the existing problems and solutions in protecting carbongraphite electrodes from the destructive environment of arc steel-making furnaces, magnesium and aluminum cells. The most significant publications on the corrosion resistance of cathodes and anodes in relation to physical, chemical, and electrochemical wear, to oxidizing environments, to active components of the introduction and destruction of the carbon structure are discussed. An analysis of various proposals and engineering solutions for reducing or eliminating the impact of aggressive environments on electrodes under specific operating conditions of metallurgical units is carried out. It was established that losses from lateral oxidation of the electrode surface of arc steel-making furnaces, when passing the temperature zone of 600–800°C, may reach 40–60% of the total consumption. Carbon-graphite products are subject to a significant destructive effect of the specific interaction of carbon with elements and compounds of the working environment, which can be introduced (intercalate) into the interlayer structure of carbon. The existing engineering and technological solutions mainly apply to the protection of the product surface; moreover, they perform their functions for a short time, rather than during the entire service life of the metallurgical unit. In this connection, it is proposed to focus on ensuring volumetric protection of electrodes from the effects of an aggressive environment. Intermediate results obtained in the field of synthesis of carbonbased composite materials adapted to the conditions of electrode production at existing enterprises are presented, along with the results of studies into the oxidizability of these composites. The existing and proposed engineering solutions for protecting the surface of carbon products have not received wide recognition or are not used in the metallurgical industry. Among the most probable reasons are the limited period of electrode surface protection, the complexity of reproduction, or the lack of profitability due to the high cost of protective components. In this regard, synthesis of C – TiC/TiB2 composite electrodes based on petroleum coke and graphite seems to be a promising research direction.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>углеграфитовый электрод</kwd><kwd>деструкция материала</kwd><kwd>окисление</kwd><kwd>износ</kwd><kwd>интеркаляция</kwd><kwd>защитные покрытия</kwd><kwd>композитные материалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>carbon-graphite electrode</kwd><kwd>material destruction</kwd><kwd>oxidation</kwd><kwd>wear</kwd><kwd>intercalation</kwd><kwd>protective coatings</kwd><kwd>composite materials</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nasifullina A.I., Starkov M.K., Gabdulkhakov R.R., Rudko V.A. Petroleum coking additive raw material component for metallurgical coke production. Part 2. 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