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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2023-4-727-736</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">PYGRDK</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-758</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разнесение потерь мощности и энергии в распределительной сети</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Allocation of power losses and energy in the distribution network</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2538-3939</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крупенёва</surname><given-names>Я. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krupeneva</surname><given-names>Ya. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крупенёва Яна Игоревна, инженер 1 категории сектора проектирования, Служба релейной защиты и автоматики; аспирант</p><p>664043, г. Иркутск, бул. Рябикова, 67</p><p> 664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 130</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yana I. Krupeneva, First Category Engineer of the Design Sector, Relay Protection and Automation Service; Postgraduate Student</p><p>67, Ryabikov Blvd., Irkutsk 664043</p><p>130, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krupeneva_yi@ic-eurosib.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5913-2978</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Болоев</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boloev</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><sec><title>Болоев Евгений Викторович, к.т.н., старший научный сотрудник; доцент кафедры электрических станций, сетей и систем</title><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 130</p><p>664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83</p></sec></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Evgeniy V. Boloev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher; Associate Professor of the Department of Electric Stations</p><p>130, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033</p><p>83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ev.boloev@istu.edu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Голуб</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Golub</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Голуб Ирина Ивановна, доктор технических наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник; заведующий кафедрой электроэнергетических систем</p><p>664033, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 130</p><p>664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina I. Golub, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Leading Researcher; Head of the Department of  Energy Systems</p><p>130, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664033</p><p>83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">golub@isem.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Инженерный центр «ЕвроСибЭнерго»; Институт систем энергетики им. Л.А. Мелентьева СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>EuroSibEnergo Engineering Center LLC; Melentiev Energy Systems Institute SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт систем энергетики им. Л.А. Мелентьева СО РАН; Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Melentiev Energy Systems Institute SB RAS; Irkutsk National Research Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>01</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>727</fpage><lpage>736</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крупенёва Я.И., Болоев Е.В., Голуб И.И., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крупенёва Я.И., Болоев Е.В., Голуб И.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krupeneva Y.I., Boloev E.V., Golub I.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/758">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/758</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – определение способов вычисления потерь энергии в трехфазной четырехпроводной распределительной сети низкого напряжения с использованием измерений балансового интеллектуального счетчика и интеллектуальных счетчиков потребителей, и установление факторов, влияющих на потери, а также разнесение потерь между отдельными проводами сети, нагрузками и потребителями. Анализируется три способа расчета потерь для текущего среза измерений. В первом способе потери определяются как разность поступающей в сеть мощности и мощности суммарного потребления, во втором расчет потерь производится методом адресности. В третьем способе, для которого помимо информации об измерениях требуется знание топологии и параметров элементов схемы сети, потери определяются по результатам метода оценивания состояния. Предложен алгоритм перехода от четырехпроводного моделирования распределительной сети к трехпроводному, заключающийся в разнесении потерь мощности в нейтральном проводе между фазными проводами. Показано, что в сети с несбалансированными нагрузками фаз причиной отрицательных потерь является наличие в узлах наименее загруженной фазы более высоких напряжений, чем напряжение в узле питания. Установлено, что причиной более высоких потерь в фазах с минимальной нагрузкой является неравномерность распределения нагрузок в фазах. Кроме того, установлено, что значения потерь, полученных методом адресности, т.е. непосредственно по измерениям интеллектуальных счетчиков, ближе к потерям по показаниям балансового счетчика и счетчиков потребителей по сравнению с потерями, найденными по результатам оценивания состояния режима сети. Рассмотренные методы расчета и разнесения потерь проиллюстрированы на примере реальной распределительной сети, оснащенной интеллектуальными счетчиками, приведены примеры разнесения суммарных потерь мощности между фазными проводами и нейтральным проводом, только между фазными проводами, между суммарными нагрузками в узлах фаз и отдельными потребителями в фазах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The goal is to determine methods for calculating power losses in a three-phase four-wire low voltage distribution network using measurements of a balance smart meter and consumer smart meters, and to establish the factors influencing the power losses and their allocation among individual network wires, loads, and consumers. The study involved examining three methods for determining power losses for  current measurement snapshot. The first method suggests calculating losses as the difference between the power supplied to the network and the total power consumed. The second method calculates power losses using the contribution method. The third method, which in addition to measurement information requires knowledge of the topology and parameters of the network components, determines power losses based on the results of the state estimation method.  The research proposes an algorithm for transition from a four-wire distribution network modeling to a three-wire one. The algorithm allocates power losses of the neutral wire among the phase wires. The findings indicate that the negative losses in the network with unbalanced phase loads are caused by the presence at the nodes of the least loaded phase of higher voltage than the voltage at the power supply node. The reason for higher losses in phases with minimal load is the uneven allocation of loads in the phases. In addition, the study reveals that the power loss values obtained by the contribution method, i.e. directly from the measurements of smart meters, are closer to the losses determined from the readings of the balance meter and consumer meters, compared to the losses found from the state estimation results. The considered methods for calculation and allocation of power losses are illustrated by an example of a real-world distribution network equipped with smart meters.  The paper demonstrates the examples of allocating total power losses between phase wires and a neutral wire, among phase wires only, and between total loads at phase nodes and individual consumers in phases.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>распределительная сеть</kwd><kwd>интеллектуальные счетчики</kwd><kwd>потери активной мощности</kwd><kwd>разнесение потерь</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>distribution network</kwd><kwd>smart meters</kwd><kwd>power losses</kwd><kwd>аllocation of power losses</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках проекта государственного задания (№ FWEU-2021-0001) про- граммы фундаментальных исследований РФ на 2021-2030 гг.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was carried out under State Assignment Project (no. 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