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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2023-3-611-621</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">RMKJNV</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-741</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Гидрометаллургическая переработка золошлаковых отходов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Hydrometallurgical processing of ash and slag waste</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2944-7642</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Размахнин</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Razmakhnin</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Размахнин Константин Константинович, д.т.н., доцент, доцент кафедры техносферной безопасности</p><p>672039, г. Чита, ул. Александро-Заводская, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin K. Razmakhnin, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Technosphere Safety</p><p>30, Aleksandro-Zavodskaya St., Chita 672039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">constantin-const@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6527-0026</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хатькова</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khatkova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хатькова Алиса Николаевна, д.т.н., профессор, профессор кафедры химии</p><p>672039, г. Чита, ул. Александро-Заводская, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>lisa N. Khatkova, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Chemistry</p><p>30, Aleksandro-Zavodskaya St., Chita 672039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">alisa1965.65@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-9204</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумилова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumilova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шумилова Лидия Владимировна, д.т.н., доцент, профессор кафедры водного хозяйства, экологической и промышленной безопасности</p><p>672039, г. Чита, ул. Александро-Заводская, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lidia V. Shumilova, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Water Management, Environmental and Industrial Safety</p><p>30, Aleksandro-Zavodskaya St., Chita 672039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">shumilovalv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9096-864X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Номоконова</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nomokonova</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Номоконова Татьяна Сергеевна, аспирант</p><p>672039, г. Чита, ул. Александро-Заводская, 30</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana S. Nomokonova, Postgraduate Student</p><p>30, Aleksandro-Zavodskaya St., Chita 672039</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">krutikova_1995@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Забайкальский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Transbaikal State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>10</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>611</fpage><lpage>621</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Размахнин К.К., Хатькова А.Н., Шумилова Л.В., Номоконова Т.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Размахнин К.К., Хатькова А.Н., Шумилова Л.В., Номоконова Т.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Razmakhnin K.K., Khatkova I.N., Shumilova L.V., Nomokonova T.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/741">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/741</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель  –  оценка  возможности  гидрометаллургической  переработки  золошлаковых  отходов  с  целью извлечения из них редких и редкоземельных элементов. В качестве объекта исследований были приняты золошлаковые отходы Читинской ТЭЦ-2. Для определения химического элементного состава продуктов сжигания угля использовалась атомно-эмиссионная спектрометрия с индуктивно связанной плазмой. С целью предварительной концентрации редких и редкоземельных элементов проводилась электромагнитная сепарация на магнитных сепараторах золошлаковых отходов класса крупности -0,5+0,3 мм, -0,3+0,1 мм. Для выщелачивания редких и редкоземельных элементов из исследуемых образцов изучалась возможность применения в качестве выщелачивающих агентов  серной,  соляной  и  азотной  кислот,  а  также  царской  водки,  при  одновременном  использовании  ультразвукового воздействия. Установлено, что электромагнитная сепарация золошлаковых отходов классов крупности -0,5+0,3 мм и -0,3+0,1 мм позволяет в существенной степени концентрировать редкие и редкоземельные элементы в магнитной фракции: титан (до 25%), циркон (до 33%), иттрий (до 50%), лантан (до 150%), церий (до 5%). Определено, что с ростом продолжительности ультразвуковой обработки при выщелачивании металлов из золошлаковых отходов серной кислотой наблюдается равномерное увеличение содержания галлия в 7,25 раза (с 0,008 до 0,058 г/дм3); при разложении царской водкой также наблюдается концентрирование этого же элемента в 3 раза (с 0,008 до 0,024 г/см3), причем ультразвуковая обработка позволяет добиться незначительного увеличения концентрации; при выщелачивании серной кислотой (продолжительность ультразвукового воздействия 5 минут) наблюдается повышение содержания рубидия в 4 раза (с 0,108 до 0,457 мг/дм3). Таким образом, наиболее эффективным для извлечения редких и редкоземельных элементов из золошлаковых отходов Читинской ТЭЦ-2 является кислотное выщелачивание в комбинации с электромагнитной сепарацией и ультразвуковой активацией пульпы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This work assesses the possibility of hydrometallurgical processing of ash and slag waste in order to extract rare and rare earth elements. The ash and slag waste from the Chita CHPP-2 combined heat and power plant was used as a research object. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) was used to determine the elemental chemical composition of coal combustion products. To preconcentrate rare and rare earth elements, magnetic separators were used to isolate the -0.5+0.3 mm and -0.3+0.1 mm grain size fractions of ash and slag waste. The leaching of rare and rare earth elements from the studied samples was investigated using sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids, as well as an aqua regia solution, in combination with simultaneous ultrasonic exposure. It was determined that electromagnetic separation of the -0.5+0.3 mm and -0.3+0.1 mm grain size fractions of ash and slag waste signiﬁcantly concentrates rare and rare earth elements in the magnetic fraction, including titanium (up to 25%), zircon (up to 33%), yttrium (up to 50%), lanthanum (up to 150%), and cerium (up to 5%). It was determined that an increase in the duration of ultrasonic treatment during the leaching of metals from ash and slag waste with sulfuric acid resulted in a uniform 7.25-fold increase in gallium content (from 0.008 to 0.058 g/dm3). Additionally, when decomposed with aqua regia, a 3-fold concentration of the same element was observed (from 0.008 to 0.024 g/cm3), while ultrasonic treatment offered only a slight increase in concentration. When leaching with sulfuric acid (the duration of ultrasonic exposure is 5 minutes), a 4-fold increase in the rubidium content was observed (from 0.108 to 0.457 mg/dm3). Therefore, the most effective method for extracting rare and rare earth elements from the ash and slag waste of Chita CHPP-2 involves acid leaching combined with electromagnetic separation and ultrasonic pulp leaching.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>золошлаковые отходы</kwd><kwd>электромагнитная сепарация</kwd><kwd>гидрометаллургическая переработка</kwd><kwd>ультразвуковая обработка</kwd><kwd>редкие и редкоземельные элементы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ash and slag waste</kwd><kwd>electromagnetic separation</kwd><kwd>hydrometallurgical processing</kwd><kwd>ultrasonic treatment</kwd><kwd>rare and rare earth elements</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена при поддержке проекта РНФ 22-17-00040 «Научное обоснование и разработка экологически чистых безотходных технологий переработки природного и техногенного минерального сырья» (2022–2023 гг.).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was supported by the Russian Science Foundation project 22-17-00040 «Scientific substantiation and development of environmentally friendly waste-free technologies for processing natural and technogenic mineral raw materials» (2022–2023).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мязин В.П. 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