ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2023-3-511-517ZTLDOLipolytech-732Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕMECHANICAL ENGINEERINGПроектирование покрытий металлорежущего инструмента на атомарном уровнеDesign of metal-cutting tool coatings at the atomic levelМокрицкийБ. Я.MokritskiiB. Ya.

Мокрицкий Борис Яковлевич, доктор технических наук, доцент, профессор кафедры технологии машиностроения

681013, г. Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27

Boris Ya. Mokritskii, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology

27, Lenin Prospect, Komsomolsk-on-Amur 681013

boris@knastu.ruКосмынинА. В.KosmyninA. V.

Космынин Александр Витальевич, доктор технических наук, профессор, проректор по науке и инновационной работе

681013, г. Комсомольск-на-Амуре, пр. Ленина, 27

Alexander V. Kosmynin, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Vice-Rector for Research and Innovation

27, Lenin Prospect, Komsomolsk-on-Amur 681013

avkosm@knastu.ruКомсомольский-на-Амуре государственный университетРоссияKomsomolsk-na-Amure State UniversityRussian Federation202302102023273511517Copyright © Мокрицкий Б.Я., Космынин А.В., 20232023Мокрицкий Б.Я., Космынин А.В.Mokritskii B.Y., Kosmynin A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/732

Цель работы – снизить инструментальные затраты за счет сокращения времени на проектирование покрытий  на  твердосплавном  отечественном  металлорежущем  инструменте  путем  применения  атомарно-силового подхода. Объектом исследования являются покрытия на твердом сплаве группы карбидов вольфрама, например: покрытия карбидом титана ТiC, нитридом титана ТiN, титаном Ti или нитридом сложносоставного покрытия смеси титана, хрома и алюминия (Ti,Cr,Al)N. Для выбора наиболее рациональных покрытий применен метод расчета функционалов межатомных систем с использованием функциональной плотности одиночных атомов. Наиболее простой мерой, позволяющей снизить расходы на проектирование металлорежущего инструмента для изготовления деталей, выполненных из труднообрабатываемых материалов, является разработка покрытий для данного вида инструментов. Рассмотрены различные схемы расположения атомов в материале покрытия по отношению к твердосплавному материалу ВК8. Рассчитанные величины энергии взаимодействия атомов материала покрытия между собой и с материалом твердого сплава составили от 3,04 до 3,5 Дж/м2. Установлена взаимосвязь результатов расчета с эксплуатационным параметром металлорежущего инструмента по коэффициенту трещиностойкости К1с (МПа.√м). Главным результатом проведенных исследований является то, что расчетным методом определена величина адгезии для атомов материала покрытий, указанных выше, с атомами карбида вольфрама и кобальта, уложенных в разные масштабные конфигурации. Это позволяет классифицировать покрытия с позиций обеспечения максимальных эксплуатационных свойств инструментального материала. Предполагается, что чем выше величина адгезии, тем лучше эксплуатационные свойства. Это подтверждено экспериментально и по значениям коэффициента трещиностойкости К1с. Таким образом, выбраны наиболее рациональные варианты покрытий под заданные условия эксплуатации металлорежущего инструмента, что позволяет сократить затраты на проектирование инструмента и обеспечивает возможность прогнозирования эксплуатационных свойств инструмента на этапе его проектирования.

The research aims to lower tooling costs by reducing the time allotted to designing coatings on domestic cemented carbide metal-cutting tools by using the atomic force approach. The object of the study is coatings on cemented carbides of the tungsten carbide group such as titanium carbide (TiC), titanium nitride (TiN), and titanium (Ti) coatings or a nitride-based titanium, chromium and aluminum (Ti,Cr,Al)N composite coating. To select the most rational coatings, the article employed the method of calculating the functionals of interatomic systems using the density functional description of single atoms. The simplest measure to reduce the cost of designing metal-cutting instruments for manufacturing parts made of difficult-to-machine materials is to develop coatings for this tool type. The article considers various atomic arrangements in the coating material in relation to the WCo8 cemented carbide (VK8, tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy containing 8% cobalt). The calculated values of the interaction energy of the coating material atoms with one another and with the cemented carbide material ranged from 3.04 to 3.5 J/m2. Moreover, the research has established a correlation between the calculation results and the performance parameter of metal-cutting tools considering fracture toughness K1c (MPa ∙ √m). The main result of the study is that the employed computational method made it possible to determine the adhesion value for the atoms of the above-mentioned coating materials with tungsten carbide and cobalt atoms packed in different scale configurations. This enables the classification of coatings from the perspective of ensuring maximum performance properties of the tooling material. The present article assumes that the higher the adhesion value, the better the performance properties. The hypothesis has been confirmed experimentally as well as by the values of fracture toughness K1c. Thus, the most rational coating options have been selected for specified operating conditions of a metal-cutting tool, which permits reduction of tool design costs and makes it possible to predict the performance properties of tools at the design stage.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.