ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2023-3-490-500GJSHPHipolytech-730Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕMECHANICAL ENGINEERINGВлияние режимов обработки центробежно-ударным упрочнителем на микротвердость поверхности деталей из алюминиевых сплавовInfluence of impact-centrifugal hardener on microhardness of workpiece surface made of aluminium alloyshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6438-1525КазимировД. Ю.KazimirovD. Yu.

Казимиров Денис Юрьевич, к.т.н., доцент, доцент кафедры технологии и оборудования машиностроительных производств

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Denis Yu. Kazimirov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Technology and Equipment for Machine-Building Production

83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

kazimirdenn@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9522-3714ИсаченкоА. С.IsachenkoA. S.

Исаченко Алексей Сергеевич, к.т.н., доцент кафедры технологии и оборудования машиностроительных производств

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Aleksei S. Isachenko, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Technology and Equipment for Machine-Building Production

83, Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

isachenkoas@ex.istu.eduИркутский национальный исследовательский технический университетРоссияIrkutsk National Research Technical UniversityRussian Federation202302102023273490500Copyright © Казимиров Д.Ю., Исаченко А.С., 20232023Казимиров Д.Ю., Исаченко А.С.Kazimirov D.Y., Isachenko A.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/730

Цель – разработка инструмента для центробежно-ударной обработки и определение режимов обработки, увеличивающих микротвердость поверхности.  Реализовано экспериментальное исследование, где в качестве технологических параметров центробежно-ударной обработки предложены натяг, количество рабочих ходов, частота вращения упрочнителя и подача. Эксперименты проводились на плоских фрезерованных образцах из алюминиевого сплава Д16Т. Был спроектирован и изготовлен опытный вариант ротационного упрочнителя с унификацией крепления. В ходе эксперимента выявлено, что вклад частоты вращения упрочнителя в изменение средней микротвердости выше, чем для продольной подачи. Отмечено значительное влияние натяга на поверхностную микротвердость: после обработки ротационным упрочнителем она возрастает. Показано, что данное увеличение в большей степени зависит от технологического натяга и в меньшей степени – от частоты вращения инструмента, которые рекомендуется повышать.  Установлено, что увеличение натяга в 2 раза позволило добиться роста микротвердости на 70 HV 0,1 или на 42 HV 0,1 при увеличении частоты вращения инструмента на 200 об/мин. Однако при этом технологические параметры необходимо назначать с учетом работоспособности конструкции упрочнителя. Показано, что слабо влияющим фактором на повышение микротвердости является продольная подача. Таким образом, опытный образец спроектированного инструмента позволяет выполнять обработку как на станках фрезерной, расточной, так и шлифовальной групп с числовым программным управлением за счет унифицированного узла крепления. Это обеспечивает достаточную технологическую гибкость процесса и позволяет ориентировать его на упрочнение плоскостей и радиусов сопряжения. Прогнозируемое увеличение поверхностной микротвердости образца из Д16Т при помощи ротационного упрочнителя составляет 38,5% от исходной в исследуемой области экспериментирования при достаточной производительности.

This  article  develops  a  tool  for  impact-centrifugal  processing  and  establishes  processing  modes  that increase the microhardness of the surface. An experimental study was carried out, where the tightening force, the number of working strokes, the rotation frequency of the hardener and the motion were proposed as technological parameters of impact-centrifugal processing. The experiments were carried out using flat machine-cut samples based on aluminium alloy D16T. A prototype of the rotary hardener with the standard fastening was designed and manufactured. During the experiment, it was revealed that, for the variation in average microhardness, the contribution of the rotation frequency is higher than that of the longitudinal motion. A significant influence of the tension on the surface microhardness is noted: following processing with a rotary hardener, it increases. It is shown that, to a greater extent, this increase depends on the technological tightening force and to a lesser extent on the rotation speed of the tool; it is recommended to increase these parameters. It was found that a 2-fold increase in tightening force resulted in an increase in microhardness by 70 HV 0.1, while increasing the tool rotation speed by 200 rpm led to an increase in microhardness by 42 HV 0.1. However, technological parameters must be selected taking into account the operability of the hardener. It was shown that the longitudinal motion has little influence on the increase in microhardness. The prototype of the designed tool can be used for processing at milling, boring, and grinding machines with computerised numerical control through a standardised fastening unit. This ensures sufficient technological flexibility and allows it to be used for reinforcing flat surfaces and fillet radii. The forecasted increase in the surface microhardness of the D16T sample using a rotary hardener amounts to 38.5% of the initial value in the experimental area with satisfactory productivity.

ударное воздействиережим упрочненияконструкция ротационного инструментамикротвердость поверхностиповерхностное упрочнениеimpact peeningpeening modecentrifugal impact peening tool designsurface microhardnesssurface hardeningReferencesChan Wai Luen, Cheng Henry Kuo Feng. Hammer Peening technology – the past, present, and future // The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2022. Vol. 118. P. 683–701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07993-5.Chan Wai Luen, Cheng Henry Kuo Feng. Hammer peening technology – the past, present, and future. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2022;118:683-701. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07993-5.Pfeiffer S., Fiedler M., Bergelt T., Kolouch M., Putz M., Wagner M. F-X. On the correlation of hammer-peened surfaces and process, material and geometry parameters // Materials Science and Engineering: IOP Conference Series. 2019. Vol. 480. Р. 012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/480/1/012021.Pfeiffer S., Fiedler M., Bergelt T., Kolouch M., Putz M., Wagner M. F-X. On the correlation of hammer-peened surfaces and process, material and geometry parameters. Materials Science and Engineering: IOP Conference Series. 2019;480:012021. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/480/1/012021.Matuszak J., Zaleski K, Skoczylas A., Ciecielag K., Kecik K. Influence of semi-random and regular shot peening on selected surface layer properties of aluminum alloy // Materials. 2021. Vol. 14. Iss. 24. Р. 7620. https://doi.org/10.3390/ ma14247620.Matuszak J., Zaleski K, Skoczylas A., Ciecielag K., Kecik K. Influence of semi-random and regular shot peening on selected surface layer properties of aluminum alloy. Materials. 2021;14(24):7620. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14247620.Mannens R., Uhlmann L., Feuerhack A., Bergs T. Energy-dependent surface integrity of stainless steel AISI 304 after robot-based machine hammer peening // Forming the Future. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. 2021. P. 1863– 1877. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_156.Mannens R., Uhlmann L., Feuerhack A., Bergs T. Energy-dependent surface integrity of stainless steel AISI 304 after robot-based machine hammer peening. Forming the Future. The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. 2021;1863-1877. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75381-8_156.Meyer D., Hettig M., Mensching N. Pulsed mechanical surface treatment - an approach to combine the advantages of shot peening, deep rolling, and machine hammer peening // Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing. 2021. Vol. 5. Iss. 3. Р. 98. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5030098.Meyer D., Hettig M., Mensching N. Pulsed mechanical surface treatment – an approach to combine the advantages of shot peening, deep rolling, and machine hammer peening. Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing. 2021;5(3):98. https://doi.org/10.3390/jmmp5030098.Neto L., Williams S., Ding J., Hönnige J., Martina F. Mechanical properties enhancement of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V by machine hammer peening // Advanced Surface Enhancement. INCASE 2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering / eds. S. Itoh, S. Shukla. Singapore: Springer, 2020. P. 121–132. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0054-1_13.Neto L., Williams S., Ding J., Hönnige J., Martina F. Mechanical properties enhancement of additive manufactured Ti-6Al-4V by machine hammer peening. In: Itoh S., Shukla S. (eds.). Advanced Surface Enhancement. INCASE 2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Singapore: Springer; 2020, р. 121-132. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0054-1_13.Аmdouni H., Bouzaiene H., Montagne A., Nasri M., Iost A. Modeling and optimization of a ball-burnished aluminum alloy flat surface with a crossed strategy based on response surface methodology // The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2017. Vol. 88. P. 801–814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-8817-8.Аmdouni H., Bouzaiene H., Montagne A., Nasri M., Iost A. Modeling and optimization of a ball-burnished aluminum alloy flat surface with a crossed strategy based on response surface methodology. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2017;88:801-814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-016-8817-8.Ferencsik V., Varga G. Examination of surface state-change on diamond burnished aluminium components. In: Proceedings of the International Symposium for Production Research 2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering / eds. N. Durakbasa, M. Gençyılmaz. Cham: Springer, 2020. P. 535–544. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31343-2_47.Ferencsik V., Varga G. Examination of surface state-change on diamond burnished aluminium components. In: Durakbasa N., Gençyılmaz M. (eds.). Proceedings of the International Symposium for Production Research 2019. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Cham: Springer; 2020, p. 535-544. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-31343-2_47.Пашков А.Е., Ле Чи Винь, Нгуен Тхе Хоанг, Блудов В.В., Тюньков В.В. Экспериментальное определение зависимости степени покрытия при дробеударном формообразовании от режимов обработки // Вестник Иркутского государственного технического университета. 2019. Т. 23. № 6. С. 1052–1060. https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2019-6-1052-1060.Pashkov A.E., Le Tri Vinh, Nguyen The Hoang, Bludov V.V., Tyunkov V.V. Experimental determination of coverage degree dependence on processing modes at shot peen forming. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2019;23(6):1052-1060. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2019-6-1052-1060.Denti L., Sola A. On the effectiveness of different surface finishing techniques on A357.0 parts produced by laser-based powder bed fusion: surface roughness and fatigue strength // Metals. 2019. Vol. 9. Iss.12. Р. 1284. https://doi.org/10.3390/ met9121284.Denti L., Sola A. On the effectiveness of different surface finishing techniques on A357.0 parts produced by laser-based powder bed fusion: surface roughness and fatigue strength. Metals. 2019;9(12):1284. https://doi.org/10.3390/met9121284.Ferreira N., Jesus J.S., Ferreira J.A.M., Capela C., Costa J.M., Batista A.C. Effect of bead characteristics on the fatigue life of shot peened Al 7475-T7351 specimens // International Journal of Fatigue. 2020. Vol. 134. Р. 105521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.105521.Ferreira N., Jesus J.S., Ferreira J.A.M., Capela C., Costa J.M., Batista A.C. Effect of bead characteristics on the fatigue life of shot peened Al 7475-T7351 specimens. International Journal of Fatigue. 2020;134:105521. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfatigue.2020.105521.Ullah H., Ullah B., Rauf A., Muhammad R. Dynamic finite element analysis of shot peening process of 2618-T61 aluminium alloy // Scientia Iranica. Transactions B: Mechanical Engineering. 2019. Vol. 26. Iss. 3. P. 1378–1387. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2018.5483.1302.Ullah H., Ullah B., Rauf A., Muhammad R. Dynamic finite element analysis of shot peening process of 2618-T61 aluminium alloy. Scientia Iranica. Transactions B: Mechanical Engineering. 2019;26(3):1378-1387. https://doi.org/10.24200/SCI.2018.5483.1302.Liu Yangfang, Cao Yang, Zhou Hao, Chen Xuefei, Liu Ying, Xiao Lirong, et al. Mechanical properties and microstructures of commercial-purity aluminum processed by rotational accelerated shot peening plus cold rolling // Advanced Engineering Materials. 2022. Vol. 22. Iss. 1. Р. 1900478. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900478.Liu Yangfang, Cao Yang, Zhou Hao, Chen Xuefei, Liu Ying, Xiao Lirong, et al. Mechanical properties and microstructures of commercial-purity aluminum processed by rotational accelerated shot peening plus cold rolling. Advanced Engineering Materials. 2022;22(1):1900478. https://doi.org/10.1002/adem.201900478.Abeens M., Muruganandhan R., Thirumavalavan K. Comparative analysis of different surface modification processes on AA 7075 T651 // International Conference on Materials Engineering and Characterization. Materials Science and Engineering: IOP Conference Series. 2019. Vol. 574. Р. 012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/574/1/012018.Abeens M., Muruganandhan R., Thirumavalavan K. Comparative analysis of different surface modification processes on AA 7075 T651. In: International Conference on Materials Engineering and Characterization. Materials Science and Engineering: IOP Conference Series. 2019;574:012018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1757-899X/574/1/012018.Feldmann G., Wong Chow Cher, Wei Wang, Haubold T. Application of vibropeening on aero – engine component // Procedia CIRP. 2014. Vol. 13. P. 423–428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.04.072.Feldmann G., Wong Chow Cher, Wei Wang, Haubold T. Application of vibropeening on aero – engine component. Procedia CIRP. 2014;13:423-428. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2014.04.072.Soyama H., Saito K., Saka M. Improvement of fatigue strength of aluminum alloy by cavitation shotless peening // Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. 2002. Vol. 124. Iss. 2. P. 135–139. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1447926.Soyama H., Saito K., Saka M. Improvement of fatigue strength of aluminum alloy by cavitation shotless peening. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology. 2002;124(2):135-139. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.1447926.Шнейдер Ю.Г., Маккавеев Е.П. Образование регулярного микрорельефа способом ротационно-ударного деформирования // Станки и инструмент. 1981. № 7. С. 31–33.Shneider Yu.G., Makkaveev E.P. Forming regular microrelief by the method of centrifugal impact peening. Stanki i instrument. 1981;7:31-33. (In Russ.).Zhang Jiabin, Lu Shihong, Zhang Tao, Xu Gang, Zhou Zhen. An analytical model to study of potential effects on component elongation in shot peening // The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2018. Vol. 97. P. 3299–3310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2201-9.Zhang Jiabin, Lu Shihong, Zhang Tao, Xu Gang, Zhou Zhen. An analytical model to study of potential effects on component elongation in shot peening. The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology. 2018;97;3299-3310. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00170-018-2201-9.Gallitelli D., Boyer V., Gelineau M., Colaitis Y., Rouhaud E., Retraint D., et al. Simulation of shot peening: from process parameters to residual stress fields in a structure // Comptes Rendus Mécanique. 2016. Vol. 344. Iss. 4-5. P. 355–374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crme.2016.02.006.Gallitelli D., Boyer V., Gelineau M., Colaitis Y., Rouhaud E., Retraint D., et al. Simulation of shot peening: from process parameters to residual stress fields in a structure. Comptes Rendus Mécanique. 2016;344(4-5:355-374. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crme.2016.02.006.Luk-Cyr J., El-Bawab R., Champliaud H. Lanteigne J., Vadean A. Sequential approximate optimization of industrial hammer peening using finite element simulations // Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 2017. Vol. 55. P. 767–778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-016-1538-7.Luk-Cyr J., El-Bawab R., Champliaud H. Lanteigne J., Vadean A. Sequential approximate optimization of industrial hammer peening using finite element simulations. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization. 2017;55:767-778. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-016-1538-7.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.