ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2023-3-462-471CVJYWUipolytech-727Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕMECHANICAL ENGINEERINGМетодика исследования закрытой гидропередачи с аккумуляторным поддержанием избыточного давления во всасывающей линии насосаMethod for investigating closed-loop hydraulic transmission with accumulator maintenance of overpressure in the suction line of a pumphttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-7452-8523БазановС. А.BazanovS. A.

Базанов Сергей Александрович, заместитель директора по развитию

630049, г. Новосибирск, Красный просп., 220/6

Sergey A. Bazanov, Deputy Director for Development

220/6, Krasny Prospekt, Novosibirsk 630049

bazanoff@ngs.ruАнферовВ. Н.AnferovV. N.

Анферов Валерий Николаевич, д.т.н., профессор кафедры «Подъемно-транспортные, путевые, строительные и дорожные машины»

630049, г. Новосибирск, ул. Дуси Ковальчук, 191

Valery N. Anferov, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Professor of the Department of Lifting and Transport, Track, Construction and Road Machinery

191, Dusi Kovalchuk str., Novosibirsk 630049

avn43@mail.ruООО «Валсиб»РоссияLLC “Valsib”Russian FederationСибирский государственный университет путей сообщенияРоссияSiberian Transport UniversityRussian Federation202302102023273462471Copyright © Базанов С.А., Анферов В.Н., 20232023Базанов С.А., Анферов В.Н.Bazanov S.A., Anferov V.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/727

Цель  – исследовать  силы  резания на  единичном  зерне  при воздействии  его  на  обрабатываемый материал. Аналитическое исследование проведено на модели единичного абразивного зерна в виде стержня с закругленной по радиусу вершиной, действующего на обрабатываемый материал. Для расчета интенсивности деформации пластически оттесняемого материала заготовки под действием единичного зерна использован метод линий скольжения (метод  характеристик).  В  результате  проведенных  аналитических  исследований  – пластического деформирования материала, оттеснения заторможенной зоны и трения ее о поверхность зерна при движении вверх в виде стружки, трения зерна о пластически деформированный материал, а также воздействия динамической составляющей пластического деформирования – разработаны математические модели по всем перечисленным факторам. Доказана значимость динамической составляющей в общем балансе сил, связанных с пластическим деформированием, путем определения отношения динамического напряжения на линии разрыва к пределу текучести на сдвиг. На примере расчета данной зависимости для материалов Д16Т и 30ХГСА установлено, что целесообразно учитывать динамическую составляющую силы резания при скорости соударения единичного зерна с обрабатываемой поверхностью свыше 50 м/с. Приведены графики зависимости относительной силы на зерне от относительной глубины внедрения зерна. Предложенная методика расчета сил резания на единичном зерне позволяет рассчитывать суммарную силу взаимодействия единичного зерна с обрабатываемым материалом. Для перехода к заданным способу обработки и обрабатываемому материалу необходимо определить количество зерен, участвующих в контакте, продолжительность контакта, скорость резания. Имея эти данные, можно рассчитывать производительность процесса и показатели качества обработанной поверхности.

The  aim  of  the  study  is  to  verify  the  operability,  reliability  and  functionality  of  a  closed-loop  hydrostatic transmission, which enhances the durability of the hydraulic drive by isolating the working fluid from atmospheric air and maintaining  excess  pressure  at  the  pump  inlet.  The  selected  research  object  is  a  closed-loop  hydrostatic  transmission configuration, where drain leakage return is carried out by an ejector pump, while a hydropneumatic accumulator serves as a closed hydraulic reservoir that maintains excess pressure. Theoretical relationships for the designed components of the hydraulic system were derived using mathematical modelling by equations of normal dimensionless hydraulic numbers and a Microsoft Excel package. Design methods of continuity and modification were applied to construct the test bench. Based on existing research, the influence of various contaminants on the system failure characteristics was determined, and the positive effect of the purity of the working fluid on the durability and reliability of the hydraulic drive was highlighted. An overview of existing open, combined open-closed and closed hydrostatic transmissions revealed their disadvantages in terms of ensuring fluid purity. A proposed hydraulic schematic formed the basis for designing and manufacturing a test stand for investigating the closed-loop hydrostatic transmission. Criteria for selecting the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator were defined, and a methodology for calculating parameters was substantiated. A versatile design of the ejector pump, operating under various flow pressure conditions, was developed, including replaceable components for the flow section (nozzles, mixing chambers, throats and confusers). The test program and methodology involve four test algorithms: stand preparation, tests without drain leakage, tests with maximum allowable drain leakage, and tests with intermediate drain leakage volumes, resulting in a total of one hundred sixty experiments. This study allows the feasibility of applying the presented closed-loop hydrostatic transmission in various types of machinery to be assessed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.