<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2022-3-532-544</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-634</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Идентификация короткого замыкания электродов по тепловому излучению при электролитическом рафинировании меди</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of electrode short circuits during the electrolytic refining of copper based on heat radiation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8231-3833</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бажин</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bazhin</surname><given-names>V. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бажин Владимир Юрьевич, доктор технических наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой автоматизации технологических процессов и производств</p><p>199106, г. Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., 2, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir Yu. Bazhin, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Professor, Head of the Department of Automation of Technological Processes and Production</p><p>2, 21 Line, Vasilievsky Island, Saint Petersburg 199106, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bazhin-alfoil@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7025-8654</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>Хю Хоанг</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>Huy Hoang</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нгуен Хю Хоанг, аспирант</p><p>199106, г. Санкт-Петербург, 21-я линия В.О., 2, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Huy Hoang Nguyen, Postgraduate student</p><p>2, 21 Line, Vasilievsky Island, Saint Petersburg 199106, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">huyhoangmta45@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Санкт-Петербургский горный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>St. Petersburg Mining University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>10</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>532</fpage><lpage>544</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Бажин В.Ю., Нгуен Х.Х., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Бажин В.Ю., Нгуен Х.Х.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bazhin V.Y., Nguyen H.H.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/634">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/634</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – повышение эффективности контроля и автоматизированного управления технологическим состоянием электролитических ячеек при рафинировании меди путем распознавания и идентификации короткого замыкания между электродами. Для проведения экспериментальных работ использовался лабораторный стенд, состоящий из двух последовательно включенных в электрическую цепь ячеек. Метод обнаружения короткого замыкания основан на получении инфракрасного излучения с помощью сканирующего тепловизора (Оptris PI 400i / PI 450i) при определении участков с высокими значениями температур поверхности электрода и электролита. Алгоритм обнаружения короткого замыкания был разработан и протестирован с помощью программного обеспечения MATLAB при использовании функций Image Processing Toolbox MATLAB. Предложен способ распознавания и идентификации (при помощи сканирующего цифрового тепловизора) короткого замыкания между электродами электролизной ячейки. Способ позволяет комплексно оценить площадь контакта, определить время начала замыкания и степень нагрева электродов в зоне короткого замыкания, установить значения температур на всех участках, включая и температуру электролита во всем объеме ячейки. Предложен алгоритм поиска мест коротких замыканий в электролизере, заключающийся в сборе и сопоставлении полученных данных для регулирования межэлектродного расстояния (обеспечивающего устойчивый энергетический режим всей электролизной серии) и определении точного положения каждого катода в ячейке с помощью пороговой обработки инфракрасных изображений, полученных тепловизором. Показано, что быстрая идентификация мест коротких замыканий в электролизере (с начала контакта между электродами) и регистрация скорости роста площади дендритного срастания и температуры электролита позволяют своевременно устранять технологические нарушения во время работы электролизной ванны. Таким образом, разработанный способ идентификации короткого замыкания для комплексного определения и распознавания общего технологического состояния электролизной ячейки при электролитическом рафинировании меди позволяет достигать устойчивого энергетического режима с минимальными отклонениями по температуре процесса.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This study is aimed at improving the efficiency of monitoring and automated control over the technological state of electrolytic cells during copper refining using the recognition and identification of short circuits between the electrodes. Experimental works were performed on a laboratory bench consisting of two cells connected in series to the electrical circuit. The method of detecting short circuits is based on measuring infrared radiation using a scanning thermal imager (Оptris PI 400i / PI 450i) for determining areas with elevated temperatures of electrode and electrolyte surfaces. A short-circuit detection algorithm was developed and tested in MATLAB environment using the Image Processing Toolbox MATLAB functions. The proposed method for recognizing and identifying short circuits between the electrodes of an electrolytic cell is based on using a scanning digital thermal imager. This method allows a comprehensive assessment of the contact area, determination of both the start time of a short circuit and the degree of electrode heating in the short-circuit zone, as well as establishment of temperature values in all areas, including the electrolyte temperature in the entire volume of the cell. An algorithm for searching for short-circuit locations in an electrolytic cell is proposed. This algorithm involves the collection of data and its comparison for adjusting the inter-electrode distance, ensuring a stable energy mode for the entire electrolytic line, and determining the exact position of each cathode in the cell using the threshold processing of infrared images obtained by a thermal imager. It was established that timely identification of short circuit locations in the electrolytic bath (since the onset of a contact between the electrodes), as well as recording of the growth rates of a dendritic coalescence area and electrolyte temperature, ensure timely elimination of technological disturbances during the operation of electrolytic baths. Thus, the developed method of short circuit identification for comprehensive determination and recognition of the technological state of an electrolytic cell during the electrolytic refining of copper can be used to reach a stable energy mode with minimum deviations in the process temperature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>электролитическое рафинирование меди</kwd><kwd>катодная медь</kwd><kwd>цифровой тепловизор</kwd><kwd>ИК-изображения</kwd><kwd>неразрушающий контроль</kwd><kwd>цифровой двойник</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>electrolytic refining of copper</kwd><kwd>cathode copper</kwd><kwd>digital thermal imager</kwd><kwd>IR imaging</kwd><kwd>nondestructive testing</kwd><kwd>digital twin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Булатов К. В., Жуков В. П. Технологические возможности металлургической переработки промпродуктов обогащения полиметаллических руд и обеднения шлаков медеплавильного производства в агрегате «Победа» // Вестник Иркутского государственного технического университета. 2020. Т. 24. № 2. С. 421–433. https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2020-2-421-433.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bulatov K. V., Zhukov V. P. Technological capabilities for metallurgical processing of industrial products in polymetallic ore preparation and copper smelting slag depletion in the Pobeda smelting unit. Vestnik Irkutskogo gosudarstvennogo tehnicheskogo universiteta = Proceedings of Irkutsk State Technical University. 2020;24(2):421-433. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2020-2-421-433.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Davenport W. G., King M., Schlesinger M., Biswas A. K. Extractive metallurgy of copper. London: Oxford, Pergamon, 2002. 452 p. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://www.elsevier.com/books/extractive-metallurgy-ofcopper/davenport/978-0-08-044029-3 (12.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Davenport W. G., King M., Schlesinger M., Biswas A. K. Extractive metallurgy of copper. London: Oxford, Pergamon; 2002, 452 p. Available from: https://www.elsevier.com/books/extractive-metallurgy-of-copper/davenport/978-0-08-044029-3 [Accessed 12th January 2022].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Антонов М. А. Метод порошковой металлургии для спекания изделий из медных порошков // Металлообработка. 2001. № 5. С. 48−49.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Antonov M. A. Method of powder metallurgy for sintering products from copper powders. Metalloobrabotka. 2001;5:48-49. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Selivanov E. N., Popov A. I., Selmenskikh N. I., Lebed A. B. Oxide inclusions in copper during its fire refining // Non-ferrous Metals. 2013. No. 2. P. 19–22.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Selivanov E. N., Popov A. I., Selmenskikh N. I., Lebed A. B. Oxide inclusions in copper during its fire refining. Non-ferrous Metals. 2013;2:19-22.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вольхин А. И., Елисеев Е. И., Жуков В. П., Смирнов Б. Н. Анодная и катодная медь: физико-химические и технологические основы. Челябинск: Южно-Уральское книжное изд-во, 2001. 431 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vol'hin A. I., Eliseev E. I., Zhukov V. P., Smirnov B. N. Anode and cathode copper: physicochemical and techno-logical fundamentals. Chelyabinsk: Yuzhno-Ural'skoe knizhnoe izdatel'stvo; 2001, 431 р. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Левин А. И., Номберг Н. И. Электролитическое рафинирование меди. М.: Изд-во «Металлургиздат», 1963. 213 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Levin A. I., Nomberg N. I. Electrolytic refining of copper. Moscow: Metallurgizdat; 1963, 213 р. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Скрида О. И., Ладин Н. А., Дылько Г. Н. Определение оптимального состава электролита для электролитического рафинирования меди // Записки Горного института. 2005. Т. 165. С. 170–182.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Skirda O. I., Ladin N. A., Dyl'ko G. N. Determining electrolyte optimal composition for electrolytic refining of cop-per. Zapiski Gornogo instituta. 2005;165:170-171. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Бажин В. Ю., Горленков Д. В., Нгуен Х., Никитина Л. Н. Реализация опыта цифровых автоматизированных систем управления электролитического рафинирования меди на предприятиях Вьетнама // iPolytech Journal. 2021. Т. 25. № 5. Р. 611–622. https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2021-5-611-622.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bazhin V. Yu., Gorlenkov D. V., Nguyen H., Nikitina L. N. Implementation of digital automated control systems at electrolytic copper refining plants in Vietnam. iPolytech Journal. 2021;25(5):611-622. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.21285/1814-3520-2021-5-611-622.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2455374, Российская Федерация, C25C 1/12. Способ получения высококачественной меди / В. Т. Дмитриев, Г. А. Боярских, С. В. Дмитриев, Э. В. Горшков. Заявл. 10.04.2008; опубл. 10.07.2012. Бюл. № 19.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dmitriev V. T., Boyarskih G. A., Dmitriev S. V., Gorshkov E. V. Production method of high-quality copper. Patent RF, no. 2455374; 2012.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Пат. № 2597445, Российская Федерация, С22В 15/00, С22В 7/00. Способ получения нанопорошка меди из отходов / Е. В. Агеев, Н. М. Хорьякова, А. Е. Гвоздев, Е. В. Агеева, В. С. Малюхов; Заявл. 02.09.2014; опубл. 10.09.2016. Бюл. № 25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ageev E. V., Hor'yakova N. M., Gvozdev A. E., Ageeva E. V., Malyuhov V. S. Production method of copper nanopowder from waste. Patent RF, no. 2597445; 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zeng Qingyu, Li Chun, Meng Yi, Tie Jun, Zhao Rentao, Zhang Zhifang. Analysis of interelectrode short-circuit current in industrial copper electrorefining cells // Measurement. 2020. Vol. 164. Р. 108015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zeng Qingyu, Li Chun, Meng Yi, Tie Jun, Zhao Rentao, Zhang Zhifang. Analysis of interelectrode short-circuit current in industrial copper electrorefining cells. Measurement. 2020;164:108015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2020.108015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гронь Д. Н., Горенский Б. М. Информационноуправляющая система процессом электролитического рафинирования меди // Журнал Сибирского федерального университета. Техника и технологии. 2009. Т. 2. № 3. С. 301–310.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gron D. N., Gorensky B. M. Information-operating system process of electrolytic refinement of copper. Zhurnal Sibirskogo federal'nogo universiteta. Tekhnika i tekhnologiya = Journal of Siberian Federal University. Engineering &amp; Technologies. 2009;2(3):301-310. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гронь Д. Н., Гронь Е. А., Кирякова О. В., Лапина Л. А., Жаринова Н. Ю. О применении системы поддержки принятия решений в гидрометаллургии меди // Современные проблемы науки и образования. 2015. № 2-2. С. 129–134. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=22721 (12.01.2022).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gron' D. N., Gron' E. A., Kiryakova O. V., Lapina L. A., Zharinova N. Yu. About application of system decision support in hydrometallurgy copper. Sovremennye problemy nauki i obrazovaniya. 2015;2-2:129-134. Available from: https://science-education.ru/ru/article/view?id=22721 [Accessed 12th January 2022].</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rudko V. A., Derkunskii I. O., Gabdulkhakov R. R., Konoplin R. R., Pyagay I. N. Kinetics of various hydrocarbon groups formation in distillates obtained during the production of needle coke via the delayed coking of decantoil // Egyptian Journal of Petroleum. 2022. Vol. 31. Iss. 1. Р. 33–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2022.02.002.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rudko V. A., Derkunskii I. O., Gabdulkhakov R. R., Konoplin R. R., Pyagay I. N. Kinetics of various hydrocar-bon groups formation in distillates obtained during the production of needle coke via the delayed coking of decantoil. Egyptian Journal of Petroleum. 2022;31(1):33-38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpe.2022.02.002.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pyagay I. N., Shaidulina A. A., Konoplin R. R., Artyushevskiy D. I., Gorshneva E. A., Sutyaginsky M. Production of amorphous silicon dioxide derived from aluminum fluoride industrial waste and consideration of the possibility of its use as Al2O3- SiO2 catalyst supports // Catalysts. 2022. Vol. 12. Iss. 2. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12020162.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyagay I. N., Shaidulina A. A., Konoplin R. R., Artyushevskiy D. I., Gorshneva E. A., Sutyaginsky M. Production of amorphous silicon dioxide derived from aluminum fluoride industrial waste and consideration of the possibility of its use as Al2O3-SiO2 catalyst supports. Catalysts. 2022;12:2. https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12020162.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li Xin, Li Yonggang, Zhu Hongqiu, Wu Renchao, Zhou Can. Short circuit fault detection against high thermal background using a two-level scheme based on dog filter // Solving Engineering and Science Problems Using Complex Bio-inspired Computation Approaches. 2021. Vol. 2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824768.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li Xin, Li Yonggang, Zhu Hongqiu, Wu Renchao, Zhou Can. Short circuit fault detection against high thermal background using a two-level scheme based on dog filter. Solving Engineering and Science Problems using Com-plex Bio-inspired Computation Approaches. 2021;2021. https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/8824768.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jia R. M., Ma X. L., He W. Q. Infrared short-circuit detection for electrolytic copper refining // International Conference on Advanced Electronic Science and Technology. 2016. P. 844. https://doi.org/10.2991/aest-16.2016.113.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jia R. M., Ma X. L., He W. Q. Infrared short-circuit detection for electrolytic copper refining. In: International Conference on Advanced Electronic Science and Technology. 2016;844. https://doi.org/10.2991/aest-16.2016.113.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Кадыров Э. Д. Комплексная автоматизированная система управления пирометаллургическим производством меди // Записки Горного Института. 2011. Т. 192. С. 120–124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kadyrov E. D. Integrated automated process control system of pyrometallurgical copper production. Zapiski Gornogo Instituta. 2011;192:120-124. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Xie Fengchun, Li Haiying, Ma Yang, Li Chuncheng, Cai Tingting, Huang Zhiyuan, et al. The ultrasonically assisted metals recovery treatment of printed circuit board waste sludge by leaching separation // Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2009. Vol. 170. Iss. 1. P. 430–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.077.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Xie Fengchun, Li Haiying, Ma Yang, Li Chuncheng, Cai Tingting, Huang Zhiyuan, et al. The ultrasonically assisted metals recovery treatment of printed circuit board waste sludge by leaching separation. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2009;170(1):430-435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.04.077.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sun Rui, Qin Gang, Li Gaibian, Hu Jinbao, Xiong Jingqi, Xu Huanwei. Abnormal conductive state identification of the copper rod in a nickel electrolysis procedure based on infrared image features and position characteristics // Applied Sciences. 2022. Vol. 12. Iss. 7. Р. 3691. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073691.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sun Rui, Qin Gang, Li Gaibian, Hu Jinbao, Xiong Jingqi, Xu Huanwei. Abnormal conductive state identification of the copper rod in a nickel electrolysis procedure based on infrared image features and position characteristics. Applied Sciences. 2022;12(7):3691. https://doi.org/10.3390/app12073691.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Родниченко Е. К., Трифонова М. Е., Данилова А. А. Методы определения короткого замыкания при электролитическом рафинировании меди // World Science: Problems and Innovations: сб. ст. XLIX Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. (г. Пенза, 25 декабря 2020 г.). Пенза: МЦНС «Наука и Просвещение», 2020. С. 90–94.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodnichenko E. K., Trifonova M. E., Danilova A. A. Methods for determining short circuit under electrolytic copper refining. In: World Science: Problems and Innovations: sbornik statej XLIX Mezhdunarodnoj nauchno-prakticheskoj konferencii = World Science: Problems and Innovations: Collected articles of the 49th International scientific and practical conference. 25 December 2020, Penza. Penza: Nauka i Prosveshchenie; 2020, р. 90-94. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litvinenko V. Advancement of geomechanics and geodynamics at the mineral ore mining and underground space development // Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses. Vol. 1. London: CRC Press, 2018. P. 3–16. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429461774.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinenko V. Advancement of geomechanics and ge-odynamics at the mineral ore mining and underground space development. In: Geomechanics and Geodynamics of Rock Masses. Vol. 1. London: CRC Press; 2018, p. 3-16. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429461774.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Litvinenko V. S., Leitchenkov G. L., Vasiliev N. I. Anticipated sub-bottom geology of Lake Vostok and technological approaches considered for sampling // Geochemistry. 2020. Vol. 80. Iss. 3. Р. 125556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2019.125556.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Litvinenko V. S., Leitchenkov G. L., Vasiliev N. I. Anticipated sub-bottom geology of Lake Vostok and technological approaches considered for sampling. Geochemistry. 2020;80(3):125556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemer.2019.125556.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Goc K., Prendota W., Chlubny L., Strączek T., Tokarz W., Borowiak (Chachlowska) P., et al. Structure, morphology and electrical transport properties of the Ti3AlC2 materials // Ceramics International. 2018. Vol. 44. Iss. 15. P. 18322–18328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.045.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Goc K., Prendota W., Chlubny L., Strączek T., Tokarz W., Borowiak (Chachlowska) P., et al. Structure, morphology and electrical transport properties of the Ti3AlC2 ma-terials. Ceramics International. 2018;44(15):18322-18328. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2018.07.045.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Стреляев С. И. Фомичева О. А. Методы распознавания ИК-изображения // Известия Тульского государственного университета. Технические науки. 2018. № 11. С. 207–212.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Strel’yaev S. I. Fomicheva O. A. IR picture recognition methods. Izvestiya Tul'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Tekhnicheskie nauki. = Proceedings of the Tula State University. 2018;11:207-212. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Берг И. А., Поршнев С. В. Исследование методов анализа ИК-тепловизионных изображений горящего факела // Научная визуализация. 2020. Vol. 12. No. 2. Р. 37–52. https://doi.org/10.26583/sv.12.2.04.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berg I. A., Porshnev S. V. Studying analysis methods of the burning torch infrared thermal images. Nauchnaya vizualizatsiya = Scientific Visualization. 2020;12(2):37-52. https://doi.org/10.26583/sv.12.2.04.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Correa P., Cipriano A., Nuñez F., Salas J. C., Lobel H. Forecasting copper electrorefining cathode rejection by means of recurrent neural networks with attention mechanism // IEEE Access. 2021. No. 9. Р. 79080–79088. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3074780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Correa P., Cipriano A., Nuñez F., Salas J. C., Lobel H. Forecasting copper electrorefining cathode rejection by means of recurrent neural networks with attention mechanism. IEEE Access. 2021;9:79080-79088. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3074780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Салтыкова С. Н., Доливо-Добровольская Г. И., Максимова А. В. Анализ данных по кристаллохимической природе фаз медно-никелевого файнштейна и бинарной системе Со–S // Записки Горного института. 2013. Т. 202. С. 209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dolivo-Dobrovolskaya G. I., Saltikova S. N., Maksi-mova A. V. Analysis of data on crystallochemical nature of the phases of the copper-nickel matte and a binary system Со-S. Zapiski Gornogo instituta = Journal of Mining Institute. 2013;202:209. (In Russ.).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Соэ К. M., Руан Р., Цзя Я., Тан Ц., Ван Ч., Ши Ц. [и др.]. Влияние осаждения ярозита на баланс железа при кучном биологическом выщелачивании на медном руднике Монива // Записки Горного института. 2021. Т. 247. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2020.1.11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Soe K. M., Ruan R., Jia Y., Tan Q., Wang Z., Shi J., et al. Influence of jarosite precipitation on iron balance in heap bioleaching at Monywa copper mine. Zapiski Gornogo Instituta = Journal of Mining Institute. 2021;247. https://doi.org/10.31897/PMI.2020.1.11</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bazhin V. Yu., Nguyen H. H. Vietnamese metallurgy on the way out of the crisis with the use of automated control systems // AIP Conference Proceedings. 2022. Vol. 2467. Р. 030018. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0092750.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bazhin V. Yu., Nguyen H. H. Vietnamese metallurgy on the way out of the crisis with the use of automated control systems. AIP Conference Proceedings. 2022;2467:030018. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0092750.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
