ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2022-3-465-486ipolytech-629Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКАPOWER ENGINEERINGИсследование функционирования алгоритма синтетической инерции в электроэнергетических системах разной плотностиOperation of synthetic inertia units in electric power systems of various densitieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6181-2497РудникВ. Е.RudnikV. E.

Рудник Владимир Евгеньевич, инженер-исследователь научно-исследовательской Лаборатории моделирования электроэнергетических систем

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30, Россия

Vladimir E. Rudnik, Research Engineer of the Research Laboratory of Electric Power System Modeling

30, Lenin pr., Tomsk 634050, Russia

ver3@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3896-3921СуворовА. А.SuvorovA. A.

Суворов Алексей Александрович, кандидат технических наук, доцент Отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30, Россия

Aleksey A. Suvorov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the School of Energy and Power Engineering

30, Lenin pr., Tomsk 634050, Russia

suvorovaa@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1396-9104РубанН. Ю.RubanN. Yu.

Рубан Николай Юрьевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент Отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30, Россия

Nikolai Yu. Ruban, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the School of Energy and Power Engineering

30, Lenin pr., Tomsk 634050, Russia

rubanny@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6420-4374АндреевМ. В.AndreevM. V.

Андреев Михаил Владимирович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий научно-исследовательской Лабораторией моделирования электроэнергетических систем

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30, Россия

Mikhail V. Andreev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of the Research Laboratory of Electric Power System Modeling

30, Lenin pr., Tomsk 634050, Russia

andreevmv@tpu.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9928-408XБайЮ. Д.BayYu. D.

Бай Юлий Дмитриевич, ассистент Отделения электроэнергетики и электротехники

634050, г. Томск, пр. Ленина, 30, Россия

Yuly D. Bay, Assistant Professor of the School of Energy and Power Engineering

30, Lenin pr., Tomsk 634050, Russia

nodius@tpu.ruНациональный исследовательский Томский политехнический университетРоссияNational Research Tomsk Polytechnic UniversityRussian Federation202208102022263465486Copyright © Рудник В.Е., Суворов А.А., Рубан Н.Ю., Андреев М.В., Бай Ю.Д., 20222022Рудник В.Е., Суворов А.А., Рубан Н.Ю., Андреев М.В., Бай Ю.Д.Rudnik V.E., Suvorov A.A., Ruban N.Y., Andreev M.V., Bay Y.D.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/629

Цель – повышение эффективности функционирования фотоэлектрической установки в электрических сетях разной плотности, в частности корректная настройка алгоритма синтетической инерции и контура фазовой автоподстройки частоты. Объектом исследования является система автоматического управления фотоэлектрической станции. В исследованиях использовались методы гибридного моделирования с помощью всережимного моделирующего комплекса реального времени электроэнергетических систем. Установлено, что возможность использования алгоритма синтетической инерции и его корректная настройка являются одним из важнейших свойств фотоэлектрических установок, подключаемых к сети с помощью силового преобразователя. Показано, что для эффективной работы данного алгоритма важным является правильное определение полосы пропускания фазовой автоподстройки частоты. Функционирование контура данной фазовой автоподстройки частоты может приводить к колебаниям с различной частотой при установке фотоэлектрических установок в слабых электрических сетях (электрические сети с коэффициентом короткого замыкания менее 10 о.е.) и, соответственно, негативно сказаться на работоспособности алгоритма синтетической инерции. Также установлено, что в сильной сети с увеличением полосы пропускания блока фазовой автоподстройки частоты уменьшается величина снижения частоты сети (оптимальная полоса пропускания 50 Гц), в слабой же сети, наоборот: блок фазовой автоподстройки частоты с увеличением полосы пропускания уменьшает скорость реакции алгоритма синтетической инерции, что приводит к увеличению величины снижения частоты (оптимальная полоса пропускания 0,3 Гц). Таким образом, проведенные исследования показали, что контур фазовой автоподстройки частоты в системе управления фотоэлектрической установки позволяет влиять на функционирование алгоритма синтетической инерции, но характер этого влияния зависит от плотности электрической сети и может быть положительным или отрицательным. Полученное на тестовой энергосистеме влияние также подтверждено для энергосистемы реальной размерности.

This study is aimed at improving the efficiency of photovoltaic plants operated in the electric networks of various densities by adjusting the synthetic inertia algorithm and automatic frequency control circuits. To this end, the automatic control system of a photovoltaic plant was investigated using hybrid modelling methods in an all-mode online simulation complex of electric power systems. It was shown that the stability of photovoltaic power plants could be improved through the use of synthetic inertia. According to the conducted research, effective operation of this algorithm can be ensured by a correct determination of the bandwidth of automatic frequency control. Operation of this automatic frequency control circuit can lead to the oscillations of various frequencies during the installation of photovoltaic power plants in low-current electrical networks (electrical networks with the short circuit coefficient of less than 10 a.u.) and, subsequently, negatively affect the operability of the synthetic inertia algorithm. In addition, in high-current networks with an increased bandwidth of the automatic frequency control unit, the value of the network frequency reduction decreases (optimal bandwidth of 50 Hz). Conversely, in low-current networks, the automatic frequency control unit, under an increase in the bandwidth, decreases the response rate of the synthetic inertia algorithm, which leads to an increase in the frequency reduction value (optimal bandwidth of 0.3 Hz). Thus, the conducted investigations showed that the automatic frequency control circuit in the control system of a photovoltaic power plant can be used to alter the operation of the synthetic inertia algorithm. However, the nature of this effect depends on the electrical network density and can be both positive and negative. The effect observed in the tested power system was confirmed for a real-dimension power system.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.