ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2022-2-228-244ipolytech-603Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКАPOWER ENGINEERINGУстранение фликера в сетях с установками распределенной генерации с помощью групповых прогностических регуляторов напряжения и частотыFlicker elimination in grids with distributed generation using group predictive voltage and frequency regulatorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3716-5357БулатовЮ. Н.BulatovYu. N.

Юрий Николаевич Булатов, кандидат технических наук, доцент, заведующий кафедрой

кафедра энергетики

665709

ул. Макаренко, 40

Братск

Yuri N. Bulatov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department

Department of Energy

665709

40, Makarenko St.

Bratsk

bulatovyura@yandex.ruБратский государственный университетРоссияBratsk State UniversityRussian Federation202204072022262228244Copyright © Булатов Ю.Н., 20222022Булатов Ю.Н.Bulatov Y.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/603

   Цель – определение эффективности управления и возможности устранения фликера в электроэнергетических системах и системах электроснабжения с установками распределенной генерации с помощью групповых прогностических регуляторов напряжения и частоты. В качестве установки распределенной генерации рассматривалась малая тепловая электростанция, имеющая трансформаторную связь с электроэнергетической системой и состоящая из трех турбогенераторов мощностью 2,5 МВ·А каждый и напряжением 6 кВ. Также рассматривалась изолированная система электроснабжения с тремя газотурбинными установками мощностью 2,5 МВ·А каждая, работающими на статическую и двигательную нагрузки. Применялись методы теории автоматического управления. Исследования проводились в системе MatLab с помощью пакетов моделирования Simulink и SimPowerSystems. Полученные результаты моделирования показали, что при временном включении мощной нагрузки в узле присоединения установки распределенной генерации и использовании несогласованно настроенных регуляторов возникают колебания скорости вращения ротора и напряжения турбогенераторов, анализ которых свидетельствует о наличии фликера. К такому же эффекту может приводить и внезапное изменение времени прогноза для отдельных прогностических регуляторов скорости. Показано, что после отключения короткого замыкания длительностью 0,4 с вблизи газотурбинной установки возникает фликер напряжения. А при использовании локальных или групповых прогностических регуляторов удается решить проблему возникновения фликера. Применение групповых прогностических регуляторов позволяет более эффективно устранить фликер: уменьшается время переходного процесса в 1,7 раза для скорости вращения ротора генератора и в 2,7 раза – для напряжения; для напряжения практически устраняется перерегулирование. Результаты компьютерного моделирования подтвердили, что устранение фликера возможно путем применения группового управления прогностическими регуляторами скорости турбогенераторов. Аналогично для системы электроснабжения с газотурбинными установками использование прогностических алгоритмов управления позволило устранить фликер без решения задачи настройки регуляторов; при этом групповые прогностические регуляторы более эффективно устраняют фликер, улучшая показатели качества процесса управления.

   In this work, we determine the control efficiency of grids with distributed generation and the possibility of eliminating flicker therein using group predictive voltage and frequency regulators. A small-size thermal power plant with the transformer connection to a power grid and consisting of three turbogenerators with a capacity of 2.5 MV·A each and a voltage of 6 kV was considered as a distributed generation plant. An isolated power supply system with three 2.5 MV·A gas turbine units each operating on static and motor loads was also considered. Automation control methods were used. Studies were conducted in the MatLab environment using the Simulink and SimPowerSystems simulation packages. The obtained results demonstrate that, upon temporarily activating the power load in the point of connecting a distributed generation unit and using inconsistent regulators, fluctuations occurring in the rotor speed and turbogenerator voltage indicate the presence of flicker effects. A similar situation can be caused by a sudden change in the forecast time for individual predictive speed controllers. Following the disconnection of a 0.4 s short circuit, a voltage flicker was found to occur in the vicinity of the gas turbine plant. However, local or group predictive regulators allow the problem of flicker emergence to be solved. The use of group predictive regulators allows flicker to be eliminated more effectively: the transient time is reduced by 1.7 and 2.7 times for the generator rotor speed and voltage, respectively. Moreover, for voltage, over-regulation is practically eliminated. The conducted computer simulation confirmed that flicker can be eliminated by applying group control of turbine generators using predictive speed controllers. Similarly, for a grid with gas turbine units, the use of predictive control algorithms made it possible to eliminate flicker without solving the problem of adjusting regulators. At the same time, group predictive regulators eliminate flicker more effectively, thereby improving the quality indicators of the control process.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.