ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2022-2-217-227ipolytech-602Research ArticleЭНЕРГЕТИКАPOWER ENGINEERINGПовышение эффективности ветровых электростанцийIncreasing the efficiency of wind farmshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4851-425XХассанФ. А.HassanF. A.

Фуад Алхадж Хассан, аспирант

420066

ул. Красносельская, 51

Казань

Fouad Alhajj Hassan, Postgraduate Student

420066

51 Krasnoselskaya St.

Kazan

fouadhajjhassan42@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-8894-4257АлалиШ.AlaliСh.

Шариф Алали, магистрант

420066

ул. Красносельская, 51

Казань

Сharif Alali, Master’s Degree Student

420066

51 Krasnoselskaya St.

Kazan

alali.charif.1@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5414-7647ГайнуллинаЛ. Р.GainullinaL. R.

Лейсан Раисовна Гайнуллина, кандидат технических наук, доцент

кафедра «Возобновляемые источники энергии»

420066

ул. Красносельская, 51

Казань

Leysan R. Gainullina, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor

Department of Renewable Energy Sources

420066

51 Krasnoselskaya St.

Kazan

gainullina7819@mail.ruКазанский государственный энергетический университетРоссияKazan State Power Engineering UniversityRussian FederationКазанский федеральный университетРоссияKazan Federal UniversityRussian Federation202204072022262217227Copyright © Хассан Ф.А., Алали Ш., Гайнуллина Л.Р., 20222022Хассан Ф.А., Алали Ш., Гайнуллина Л.Р.Hassan F.A., Alali С., Gainullina L.R.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/602

   Цель – оценка некоторых переменных, влияющих на параметры ветра, с целью уменьшения турбулентности и следа в максимально возможной степени; оценка положения каждой ветровой турбины и исследование пределов ветровых турбин для определения оптимального расстояния между ними.

   Объектом исследования явилась ветроэлектростанция мощностью 150 МВт с использованием 60 ветровых турбин. Измерения скорости и направления ветра проводились с помощью ветроизмерительного комплекса. Оптимальный формат ветровой электростанции был вычислен с использованием программного обеспечения WindFarmer от компании «DNV GL» (Норвегия). Проведенный анализ площадки на юго-востоке Республики Татарстан показал хорошее месторасположение площадки под строительство ветроэлектростанции: близкое расположение электрических сетей, отсутствие больших построек и леса. По результатам проведенной оценки сдвига ветра на разных высотах (на уровнях установки анемометров) его показатель составил 0,2. При выборе ветровых турбин для проектируемой ветроэлектростанции были рассчитаны коэффициенты мощности, которые составили, соответственно: 47 % – для Siemens Gamesa SG 3.4-132 3.465MW, 45 % – для Vestas V126-3.45 HTq и 29 % – для Lagerwey L100-2.5 MW. По результатам исследования влияния основных факторов (рельефа местности, средней скорости ветра в исследуемом районе, расстояние до электрических сетей и др.) на выбор площадки под строительство ветроэлектростанции, а также расчету среднего сдвига ветра равного 0,2, было установлено, что условия площадки являются оптимальными для рассматриваемого района. Согласно рассчитанным значениям коэффициента использования мощности, показано, что самое его низкое значение имеет турбина Lagerwey L100 – 2,5 МВт, а у Siemens Gamesa SG 3,4-132 самый высокий коэффициент – 3,465 МВт. С экономической точки зрения высокое значение коэффициента значения мощности не всегда целесообразно, поскольку с повышением мощности турбины растет и ее стоимость.

   This work evaluates variables affecting wind parameters in order to maximally reduce turbulence and trace. In addition, the position of each wind turbine in a farm and the limits of wind turbines are determined in order to determine an optimal distance between them.

   To this end, a 150 MW wind farm operating 60 wind turbines was studied. The speed and direction of wind was studied using a wind-measuring installation. An optimal mode of operating a wind farm was calculated using the WindFarmer software produced by DNV GL (Norway). Experiments conducted on a site in the south-east of the Republic of Tatarstan showed its suitability for the construction of a wind power plant: the proximity of electrical networks and the absence of large buildings and forests. The wind shear at different heights (at the levels of anemometers) was found to be 0.2. Wind turbines were selected based on a calculation of power factors, which comprised 47 % for Siemens Gamesa SG 3.4-132 3.465MW, 45 % for Vestas V126-3.45 HTq and 29% for Lagerwey L100-2.5 MW. The conducted analysis of the main external factors (ground profile, average wind speed, distance to electrical networks, etc.) affecting the selection of an optimal site for a wind power plant, as well as the calculation of an average wind shear of 0.2, confirmed the suitability of the site under study. According to the calculated capacity factor, Lagerwey L100 and Siemens Gamesa SG 3.4-132 turbines showed the lowest (2.5 MW) and highest (3.465 MW) values, respectively. However, from an economic point of view, a balance between the turbine’s capacity factor and its cost should be achieved.

возобновляемые источники энергииветряная электростанциясдвиг ветраконфигурация турбинкомпоновка турбинкоэффициент мощностиrenewable energy sourceswind farmwind shearturbine configurationturbine layoutpower factorReferencesAlzakkar A., Hassan F. A., Mestnikov N. Support of frequency stability in electrical power system at voltage 400 kV in Syria // Advances in Automation II. RusAutoCon 2020. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering / eds. A. A. Radionov, V. R. Gasiyarov. Cham: Springer, 2020. Vol. 729. Р. 891–902. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71119-1_86.Alzakkar A., Hassan F. A., Mestnikov N. Support of frequency stability in electrical power system at voltage 400 kV in Syria. In: Radionov A. A., Gasiyarov V. R. (eds.). Advances in Automation II. RusAutoCon 2020. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Cham: Springer; 2020, vol. 729, р. 891-902. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-71119-1_86.Costa A. M., Orosa J. A., Vergara D., Fernandez-Arias P. New tendencies in wind energy operation and maintenance // Applied Sciences. 2021. Vol. 11. Iss. 4. Р. 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041386.Costa A. M., Orosa J. A., Vergara D., Fernandez-Arias P. New tendencies in wind energy operation and maintenance. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (4): 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/app11041386.Van Haaren R., Fthenakis V. GIS-based wind farm site selection using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA): evaluating the case for New York State // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2011. Vol. 15. Iss. 7. Р. 3332–3340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.04.010.Van Haaren R., Fthenakis V. GIS-based wind farm site selection using spatial multi-criteria analysis (SMCA): evaluating the case for New York State. Renewable and Sus-tainable Energy Reviews. 2011; 15 (7): 3332-3340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2011.04.010.Heisler G. M. Mean wind speed below building height in residential neighbour-hoods with different tree densities // Scientific Journal. 1990. Vol. 96. Iss. 1. Р. 1389–1396.Heisler G. M. Mean wind speed below building height in residential neighbour-hoods with different tree densities. Scientific Journal. 1990; 96 (1): 1389-1396.Алали Ш. Разработка портативного электромиографа для фиксации биоэлектрических потенциалов, возникающих в мышцах / Ш. Алали, Ф. Алхадж Хассан, Л. Р. Гайнуллина // Вестник Южно-Уральского государственного университета. Серия: Компьютерные технологии, управление, радиоэлектроника. – 2022. – Т. 22. – № 2. – C. 87-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr220208.Alali Ch., Alhajj Hassan F., Gainullina L.R. Development of a portable electromyograph for fixing bioelectric potentials arising in muscles. Razrabotka portativnogo elektromiografa dlya fiksatsii bioelektricheskikh potentsialov, voznikayushchikh v myshtsakh // Vestnik Yuzhno-Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriya: Komp'yuternyye tekhnologii, upravleniye, radioelektronika = Bulletin of the South Ural State University. Series: Computer Technologies, Control, Radio Electronics. 2022. Vol. 22. Iss. 2. P. 87-95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/ctcr220208. (In Russ.).Blaabjerg F., Iov F., Kerekes T., Teodorescu R. Trends in power electronics and control of renewable energy systems // Proceedings of 14th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2010.5606696.Blaabjerg F., Iov F., Kerekes T., Teodorescu R. Trends in power electronics and control of renewable energy systems. In: Proceedings of 14th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference. 2010. https://doi.org/10.1109/EPEPEMC.2010.5606696.Gao Cheng-kang, Na Hong-ming, Song Kai-hui, Dyer N., Tian Fan, Xu Qing-jiang, et al. Environmental impact analysis of power generation from biomass and wind farms in different locations // Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019. Vol. 102. P. 307–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.018.Gao Cheng-kang, Na Hong-ming, Song Kai-hui, Dyer N., Tian Fan, Xu Qing-jiang, et al. Environmental impact analysis of power generation from biomass and wind farms in different locations. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2019; 102: 307-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2018.12.018.Fırtın E., Guler O., Akdag S. A. Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on electrical energy generation // Applied Energy. 2011. Vol. 88. Iss. 11. P. 4097–4105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.05.025.Fırtın E., Guler O., Akdag S. A. Investigation of wind shear coefficients and their effect on electrical energy generation. Applied Energy. 2011; 88 (11): 4097-4105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.05.025.Hassan F. A., Sidorov A. Study of power system stability: Matlab program processing data from Zahrani power plant (Beirut, Lebanon) // International Scientific and Technical Conference Smart Energy Systems 2019: E3S Web of Conferences. 2019. Vol. 124. Р. 05011. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405011.Hassan F. A., Sidorov A. Study of power system stability: Matlab program processing data from Zahrani power plant (Beirut, Lebanon). In: International Scientific and Technical Conference Smart Energy Systems 2019: E3S Web of Conferences. 2019; 124: 05011. https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405011.Епринцев С. А. Анализ природного каркаса города Воронежа как фактора формирования микроклиматических условий / С. А. Епринцев, С. В. Шекоян // Глобальные климатические изменения: региональные эффекты, модели, прогнозы: матер. Междунар. науч.-практ. конф. (г. Воронеж, 3–5 октября 2019 г.). – Воронеж, 2019. – Т. 2. – С. 230–234.Eprintsev S. A., Shekoyan S. V. Analysis of the natural frame of Voronezh city as a formation factor of microclimatic conditions. Global'nye klimaticheskie izmeneniya: regional'nye effekty, modeli, prognozy: materialy Mezhdunarognoi nauchno-prachticheskoi konferencii = Global climate change: regional effects, models, forecasts: proceedings of the International scientific and practical conference. 3–5 Oсtober 2019, Voronezh. Voronezh; 2019, vol. 2, р. 230-234. (In Russ.).Nasyrov R. R., Aljendy R. I., Kherbek T. Study and analysis of power quality situation in electrical power network. Case study: Lattakia – Syria // IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/EIConRus.2018.8317193.Nasyrov R. R., Aljendy R. I., Kherbek T. Study and analysis of power quality situation in electrical power network. Case study: Lattakia – Syria. In: IEEE Conference of Russian Young Researchers in Electrical and Electronic Engineering. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1109/EIConRus.2018.8317193.Almohammed O. A. M., Timerbaev N. F., Ahmad B. I. Heat pump application for water distillation // International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon.2019.8934168.Almohammed O. A. M., Timerbaev N. F., Ahmad B. I. Heat pump application for water distillation. In: International Multi-Conference on Industrial Engineering and Modern Technologies. 2019. https://doi.org/10.1109/fareastcon.2019.8934168.Hassan F. A. Multi-criteria approach and wind farm site selection analysis for improving power efficiency // Journal of Human, Earth and Future. 2020. Vol. 1. No. 2. Р. 60–70. https://doi.org/10.28991/HEF-2020-01-02-02.Hassan F. A. Multi-criteria approach and wind farm site selection analysis for improving power efficiency. Journal of Human, Earth and Future. 2020; 1 (2): 60-70. https://doi.org/10.28991/HEF-2020-01-02-02.Zhang Ying, Guo Jianping, Yang Yuanjian, Wang Yu, Yim S. H. L. Vertical wind shear modulates particulate matter pollutions: a perspective from radar wind profiler observations in Beijing // Remote Sensing. 2020. Vol. 12. Iss. 3. Р. 546. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030546.Zhang Ying, Guo Jianping, Yang Yuanjian, Wang Yu, Yim S. H. L. Vertical wind shear modulates particulate matter pollutions: a perspective from radar wind profiler observations in Beijing. Remote Sensing. 2020; 12 (3): 546. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs12030546.Medjber A., Guessoum A., Belmili H., Mellit A. New neural network and fuzzy logic controllers to monitor maximum power for wind energy conversion system // Energy. 2016. Vol. 106. P. 137–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.026.Medjber A., Guessoum A., Belmili H., Mellit A. New neural network and fuzzy logic controllers to monitor maximum power for wind energy conversion system. Energy. 2016; 106: 137-146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.03.026.Wen Binrong, Wei Sha, Wei Kexiang, Yang Wenxian, Peng Zhike, Chu Fulei. Power fluctuation and power loss of wind turbines due to wind shear and tower shadow // Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering. 2017. Vol. 12. Iss. 3. Р. 321–332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-017-0434-1.Wen Binrong, Wei Sha, Wei Kexiang, Yang Wenxian, Peng Zhike, Chu Fulei. Power fluctuation and power loss of wind turbines due to wind shear and tower shadow. Fron-tiers of Mechanical Engineering. 2017; 12 (3): 321-332. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-017-0434-1.Mehdizadeh S. M., Alibeiki E., Khosravi A. Modelling and control of 6MG Siemens wind turbine blades angle and rotor speed // International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics. 2019. Vol. 11. Iss. 1. Р. 80–100. https://doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2019.11.1.5.Mehdizadeh S. M., Alibeiki E., Khosravi A. Modelling and control of 6MG Siemens wind turbine blades angle and rotor speed. International Journal on Electrical Engineering and Informatics. 2019; 11 (1): 80-100. https://doi.org/10.15676/ijeei.2019.11.1.5.Ali N., Hamilton N., DeLucia D., Cal R. B. Assessing spacing impact on coherent features in a wind turbine array boundary layer // Wind Energy Science. 2018. Vol. 3. Iss. 1. P. 43–56. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-43-2018.Ali N., Hamilton N., DeLucia D., Cal R. B. Assessing spacing impact on coherent features in a wind turbine array boundary layer. Wind Energy Science. 2018; 3 (1): 43-56. https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-3-43-2018.Hassan F. A., Mahmoud M., Almohammed O. A. M. Analysis of the generated output energy by different types of wind turbines // Journal of Human, Earth and Future. 2020. Vol. 1. No. 4. P. 181–187. https://doi.org/10.28991/HEF-2020-01-04-03.Hassan F. A., Mahmoud M., Almohammed O. A. M. Analysis of the generated output energy by different types of wind turbines. Journal of Human, Earth and Future. 2020; 1 (4): 181-187. https://doi.org/10.28991/HEF-2020-01-04-03.Ray M. L., Rogers A. L., Mcgowan J. G. Analysis of wind shear models and trends in differentterrain // University of Massachusetts, 2006. [Электронный ресурс]. URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251965566_Analysis_of_wind_shear_models_and_trends_in_different_terrain (14. 04. 2021).Ray M. L., Rogers A. L., Mcgowan J. G. Analysis of wind shear models and trends in different terrain. In: University of Massachusetts, 2006. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251965566_Analysis_of_wind_shear_models_and_trends_in_different_terrain [Accessed 14th April 2021].Pandit R. K., Infield D., Kolios A. Gaussian process power curve models incorporating wind turbine operational variables // Energy Reports. 2020. Vol. 6. P. 1658–1669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.06.018.Pandit R. K., Infield D., Kolios A. Gaussian process power curve models incorporating wind turbine operational variables. Energy Reports. 2020; 6: 1658-1669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.egyr.2020.06.018.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.