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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2022-1-53-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-576</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭНЕРГЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POWER ENGINEERING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Комбинированная релейная защита от замыканий  на землю в электросетях 6–10 кВ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Combined ground-fault relay protection in 6–10 kV power grids</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8624-0894</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дмитриченко</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dmitrichenko</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дмитриченко Виктор Иванович - кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры электроснабжения  и возобновляемых источников энергии.</p><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынулы 126/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor I. Dmitrichenko - Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Power  Supply and Renewable Energy Sources.</p><p>126/1 Baytursynuli St., Almaty 050013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitrichenko7103@uoel.uk</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8781-9080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ни</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ni</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ни Дмитрий Александрович – магистрант.</p><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынулы 126/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dmitriy A. Ni - Master’s Degree Student.</p><p>126/1 Baytursynuli St., Almaty 050013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">d.ni@nanyang-uni.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6589-7352</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Джетписов</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dzhetpisov</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Джетписов Мерей Айназарович - магистрант.</p><p>050013, Алматы, ул. Байтурсынулы 126/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Merey A. Dzhetpisov - Master’s Degree Student.</p><p>126/1 Baytursynuli St., Almaty 050013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">jetpissov@lund-univer.eu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-5348</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бауржан</surname><given-names>Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Baurzhan</surname><given-names>B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бауржан Бегжан – магистрант.</p><p>050013, г. Алматы, ул. Байтурсынулы 126/1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Begzhan Baurzhan - Master’s Degree Student.</p><p>126/1 Baytursynuli St., Almaty 050013</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baurzhan@u-tokio.eu</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Алматинский университет энергетики и связи им. Г. Даукеева</institution><country>Казахстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Almaty University of Power Engineering and Telecommunications  named after Gumarbek Daukeev</institution><country>Kazakhstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>04</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>53</fpage><lpage>69</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Дмитриченко В.И., Ни Д.А., Джетписов М.А., Бауржан Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Дмитриченко В.И., Ни Д.А., Джетписов М.А., Бауржан Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Dmitrichenko V.I., Ni D.A., Dzhetpisov M.A., Baurzhan B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/576">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/576</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – анализ технических решений по комбинированным системам релейной защиты от замыканий на землю в распределительных электросетях 6–10 кВ. Для объектов электрических сетей напряжением 6–10 кВ были использованы простые виды релейной защиты: максимальная токовая защита и токовая отсечка. С помощью сравнительного анализа были изучены наиболее распространенные алгоритмы для релейных защит от однофазных замыканий на землю. Метод моделирования позволил составить схему автоматического включения резерва. Построены алгоритмы работы релейной защиты и автоматики, при этом были учтены свойства участка электрической сети и особенности возможных режимов работы. В электросетях 6–10 кВ установлен рост повреждаемости кабельных линий с устаревшей ослабленной изоляцией. Определено, что длительная работа сети при однофазном замыкании на землю не допускается, поскольку возможны двойные замыкания на землю вследствие увеличения напряжения неповрежденных фаз относительно земли в √3 раз. Выполненные расчеты по оценке селективности и чувствительности токовой защиты селективной нулевой последовательности показали на ограниченное применение (из-за недостаточной чувствительности) этой защиты от однофазных замыканий на землю в ряде случаев. Исследованы преимущества схемных решений, когда в качестве пусковых органов защиты используются электромагнитные и индукционные реле, а в качестве логических элементов – современные малогабаритные элементы в виде микросхем с электронной обвязкой. Установлено, что предложенные решения могут быть использованы организациями энергосбыта для повышения надежности и безаварийности распределительных сетей 6–10 кВ с минимальными капиталовложениями в систему релейной защиты. Представленный анализ систем и устройств релейных защит от однофазных замыканий на землю позволяет заключить, что наиболее проблемными являются электросети с изолированной нейтралью. Использование упрощенных схемных решений комбинированных систем защиты позволит увеличить ремонтопригодность, упростить обслуживание устройств релейной защиты и автоматики за счет их открытости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the present work, engineering decisions for combined ground-fault relay protection in 6–10 kV power grids are addressed. For objects in electrical grids having a voltage of 6–10 kV, simple relay protection was used: overcurrent protection and current cutoff. The most common algorithms for single phase-to-earth fault relay protection were analysed and compared. The modelling allowed a scheme for automatic transfer switch to be designed. Operation algorithms of relay protection and automatics were established, considering the properties of an electrical grids section and the characteristics of possible operating conditions. In 6–10 kV electrical grids, an increase in the damage rate of cable lines with outdated thinned insulation was revealed. It was determined that long-term grid operation under a single phase-to-earth fault should be avoided since double earth faults may occur due to an increase in the voltage of healthy phases relative to earth by √3 times. The calculations performed to evaluate selectivity and sensitivity of the current protection of selective zero-sequence showed limited application (due to the insufficient sensitivity) of such protection from single phase-to-earth fault in some cases. The advantages of circuit designs, which use electromagnetic and inductive relays as protection fault detectors, and advanced compact elements in the form of microcircuits with electronic interconnection as logical elements, were investigated. It is established that the proposed solutions can be used by energy providers to increase the reliability and fail-safety of 6–10 kV distribution networks with the minimum capital expenditures to relaying systems. The presented analysis of systems and devices for phase-to-earth fault relay protection showed that power grids having isolated neutrals are the most problematic in terms of maintenance. Simplified circuit designs for combined protection circuits can be used for facilitating the maintenance of relaying devices and automatics due to their openness.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>линии</kwd><kwd>релейная защита</kwd><kwd>схемные решения</kwd><kwd>микроэлектронная база</kwd><kwd>микропроцессорный терминал</kwd><kwd>кольцевые электрические схемы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>lines</kwd><kwd>relay protection</kwd><kwd>circuit solutions</kwd><kwd>microelectronic base</kwd><kwd>microprocessor terminal</kwd><kwd>ring electrical circuits</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Abdelaziz A. Y., Ibrahim A. M., Mansour M. M., Talaat H. E. 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