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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">ipolytech</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">iPolytech Journal</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>iPolytech Journal</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2782-4004</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2782-6341</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Irkutsk National Research Technical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21285/1814-3520-2021-6-795-806</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">ipolytech-553</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕТАЛЛУРГИЯ И МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Пироэлектрометаллургическая переработка висмутсодержащих оксидов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Pyroelectrometallurgical processing of bismuth-containing oxides</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0338-9774</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Королев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korolev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Королев Алексей Анатольевич, кандидат технических наук, главный инженер</p><p>624091, г. Верхняя Пышма, Успенский просп., 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Aleksey A. Korolev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Chief Engineer</p><p>1 Uspensky pr., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, 624091, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">A.Korolev@elem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3786-7957</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сергейченко</surname><given-names>C. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sergeichenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Cергейченко Сергей Вячеславович, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>624091, г. Верхняя Пышма, Успенский просп., 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Sergeichenko, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>1 Uspensky pr., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, 624091, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">sesv@elem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9525-6476</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тимофеев</surname><given-names>К. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Timofeev</surname><given-names>K. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимофеев Константин Леонидович, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры металлургии, Технический университет Уральской горно-металлургической компании; начальник технического отдела</p><p>624091, г. Верхняя Пышма, Успенский просп., 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Konstantin L. Timofeev, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Metallurgy, Technical University of the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company; Head of the Technical Department</p><p>1 Uspensky pr., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, 624091, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">K.Timofeev@elem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0750-0070</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мальцев</surname><given-names>Г. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maltsev</surname><given-names>G. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мальцев Геннадий Иванович, доктор технических наук, старший научный сотрудник, главный специалист</p><p>624091, г. Верхняя Пышма, Успенский просп., 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gennady I. Maltsev, Dr. Sci. (Eng.), Senior Researcher, Chief Specialist</p><p>1 Uspensky pr., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, 624091, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mgi@elem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6697-1596</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Воинков</surname><given-names>Р. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Voinkov</surname><given-names>R. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Воинков Роман Сергеевич, кандидат технических наук, начальник исследовательского центра</p><p>624091, г. Верхняя Пышма, Успенский просп., 1, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Roman S. Voinkov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Head of the Research Center</p><p>1 Uspensky pr., Verkhnyaya Pyshma, 624091, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">R.Voinkov@elem.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Акционерное общество «Уралэлектромедь»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Joint Stock Company Uralelectromed</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Технический университет Уральской горно-металлургической компании</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Technical University of the Ural Mining and Metallurgical Company</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>795</fpage><lpage>806</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Королев А.А., Сергейченко C.В., Тимофеев К.Л., Мальцев Г.И., Воинков Р.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Королев А.А., Сергейченко C.В., Тимофеев К.Л., Мальцев Г.И., Воинков Р.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Korolev A.A., Sergeichenko S.V., Timofeev K.L., Maltsev G.I., Voinkov R.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/553">https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/553</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель – обоснование и разработка принципиальной пироэлектрометаллургической технологии переработки висмутистых дроссов и оксидов ‒ промпродуктов рафинирования чернового свинца способом Кролля-Беттертона ‒ с получением висмута чернового. Объектом исследований явились висмутистые дроссы (3–5% Bi; 80–85% Pb), переплавляемые при 500–600°С в присутствии NaNO3 и NaOH. А также полученный щелочной плав ‒ висмутистые оксиды (1–5% Bi; 60–70% Pb). По итогам испытаний определены оптимальные параметры основных операций технологии переработки висмутистых оксидов и характеристики полученных продуктов. Предложена восстановительная плавка при 1150ºС висмутистых оксидов (с добавлением карбоната натрия, кварца и коксика, взятых в количестве 66, 25 и 5% от массы висмутистых оксидов), в результате которой образуется висмутистый свинец. Его обезмеживание проводится при 350–600ºС при добавлении в расплав серы в количестве до 2,0% от его массы. Щелочную обработку обезмеженного Pb-Bi сплава предложено проводить при 500ºС при контактировании с гидроксидом натрия, нитратом натрия и хлоридом натрия, взятыми в количестве до 10,2, до 8,3 и до 1,4% от массы висмутистого свинца. Последующий электролиз заключается в электролитической переработке при 550ºС слитков Pb-Bi сплава, очищенного от примесей. Электролитом служит расплав следующего состава, %: NaCl – 7, KCl – 35, PbCl2 – 18, ZnCl2 – 40. В результате предложенной технологии переработки висмутовых оксидов были получены два конечных продукта. Анодный продукт второй стадии электролиза – черновой висмут (при выходе составил 1,1% от оксидов) – содержал 93,62% Bi и 4,14% Pb, извлечение из оксидов – 19,0% Bi и 0,1% Pb. В катодный продукт (выход составил 5,1% от оксидов), содержащий 0,033% Bi и 97,83% Pb, переходит около 1,2% Bi и 9,1% Pb от их первоначального содержания в оксидах.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this work, we substantiate and develop a general pyroelectrometallurgical technology for processing bismuth dross and oxides (the intermediate products of lead bullion refining by the Betterton-Kroll process) to obtain crude bismuth. The research focuses on bismuth dross (3–5% Bi; 80–85% Pb) remelted at 500–600°С in the presence of NaNO3 and NaOH, as well as the obtained alkaline melt (bismuth oxides, 1–5% Bi; 60–70% Pb). The conducted experiments allowed us to determine optimal parameters of the main steps of processing bismuth oxide, as well as the characteristics of obtained products. Reduction smelting of bismuth oxides at 1150°C (with the addition of sodium carbonate, quartz and fine coke in the amount of 66, 25 and 5% of bismuth oxides mass, respectively) is proposed, leading to bismuth lead formation. Its decoppering is carried out at 350–600°C with 2.0% sulfur (by its weight), added to the melt. We propose to carry out the alkaline treatment of the decoppered Pb-Bi alloy at 500oC in contact with sodium hydroxide, sodium nitrate and sodium chloride, taken in amounts up to 10.2, 8.3 and 1.4% by weight of bismuth lead, respectively. Subsequent electrolysis comprises electrolytic processing of purified Pb-Bi alloy ingots at 550oC. The electrolyte consists of a melt with the following composition, %: NaCl – 7, KCl – 35, PbCl2 – 18 and ZnCl2 – 40. As a result, two end products were obtained by the proposed bismuth oxide processing. The anodic product at the second stage of electrolysis, crude bismuth (yielded 1.1% by the weight of oxides) contains 93.62% Bi and 4.14% Pb, extraction from oxides amounts to 19.0% Bi and 0.1% Pb. About 1.2% Bi and 9.1% Pb of their initial content in the oxides are transferred to the cathodic product containing 0.033% Bi and 97.83% Pb (the yield equalled 5.1% of the oxides).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>рафинирование</kwd><kwd>висмутсодержащие оксиды</kwd><kwd>сплав свинцово-висмутовый</kwd><kwd>восстановительная плавка</kwd><kwd>обезмеживание висмутистого свинца</kwd><kwd>оборотный шлак</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>refining</kwd><kwd>bismuth-containing oxides</kwd><kwd>lead-bismuth alloy</kwd><kwd>reducing melting</kwd><kwd>decontamination of bismuth lead</kwd><kwd>return slag</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Юхин Ю. М., Михайлов Ю. И. Химия висмутовых соединений и материалов. Новосибирск: Изд-во СО РАН, 2001. 360 с.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yukhin Yu. M., Mikhailov Yu. I. 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