ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2021-3-332-341ipolytech-491Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И МАШИНОВЕДЕНИЕMACHINE BUILDING AND MACHINE SCIENCEРазработка математической модели маршрута изготовления изделий машиностроенияA mathematical model for production routing of mechanical engineering productsФокинИ. В.FokinI. V.

Фокин Игорь Владимирович, ассистент кафедры самолетостроения и эксплуатации авиационной техники

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Igor V. Fokin, Assistant Professor of the Department of Aircraft Engineering and Operation of Aviation Equipment

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

fokiniv@ex.istu.eduСмирновА. Н.SmirnovA. N.

Смирнов Антон Николаевич, студент

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Anton N. Smirnov, Student

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

horror512@yandex.ruИркутский национальный исследовательский технический университетРоссияIrkutsk National Research Technical UniversityRussian Federation202106072021253332341Copyright © Фокин И.В., Смирнов А.Н., 20212021Фокин И.В., Смирнов А.Н.Fokin I.V., Smirnov A.N.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/491

Цель – создание математической модели, описывающей процесс формирования маршрута изготовления (расцеховки) изделий машиностроения на основе 3D-модели, позволяющей снизить стоимость конечного изделия. Объектом исследования явился маршрут изготовления (расцеховка) изделий машиностроения. Для реализации работы разработанной математической модели использованы 3D-модели, спроектированные в системе Siemens NX, которые далее импортируются в формат *stp и распознаются спроектированным модулем, написанным на языке программирования Phyton. Определены взаимосвязи производственной среды, оказывающие влияние на формирование маршрута изготовления изделий машиностроения. Разработана схема алгоритма взаимосвязи «конструктивный элемент – технологическая операция – средства технологического оснащения (оборудование-инструмент)». По результатам тестирования сформированной математической модели установлено, что использование нейросетей как инструмента для реализации и автоматизации работы инженератехнолога при разработке маршрута изготовления изделий машиностроения имеет ряд преимуществ перед стандартной схемой работы, это снижение времени на разработку маршрута и снижение себестоимости разработки конечного изделия. К основному ограничению использования на практике разработанной модели можно отнести слишком сложную геометрию некоторых конструктивных элементов, входящих в состав детали, что не позволяет составить алгоритм распознавания их структуры. Использование прототипа нейросети в автоматическом режиме целесообразно для относительно простых деталей (имеющих в своем составе отбортовку, отверстие, фаску, скругление). Но так как количество простых с точки зрения распознавания деталей может достигать 40% среди номенклатуры изготавливаемых деталей, то и уменьшение времени разработки технологического процесса по сравнению с традиционным будет составлять 10–25% от общего времени технологической подготовки.

The aim was to create a mathematical model describing the development of a production (shop-to-shop) routing of mechanical engineering products based on a 3D model and allowing the cost of the final product to be reduced. The developed mathematical model was simulated based on 3D models designed in the Siemens NX system, which were subsequently imported into the *stp format and recognized by a designed module written in the Phyton programming language. The factors of the production environment affecting the formation of the production routing of mechanical engineering products were determined. A diagram of the algorithm for the “constructive element - technological operation - means of technological equipment (equipment-tool)” relationship was developed. Based on the results of testing the developed mathematical model, the use of neural networks as a tool for the implementation and automation of the work was found advantageous as compared to the standard scheme of work of a process engineer when developing a production routing of mechanical engineering products. These advantages include a decrease in the time for the development of a routing and the cost of the final product. The developed model has a practical limitation consisting in a rather complex geometry of some structural elements of a unit, which impedes the development of an algorithm for recognizing their structure. The use of a neural network prototype in automatic mode is advisable for relatively simple parts (including a flange, hole, chamfer and rounding). However, since the number of simple units from the recognition point of view amounts to about 40% among the nomenclature of manufactured units, the reduction in the development time of the technological process in comparison with the conventional approach comprises only 10–25% of the total time of technological preparation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.