ipolytechiPolytech JournaliPolytech Journal2782-40042782-6341Irkutsk National Research Technical University10.21285/1814-3520-2020-6-1190-1198ipolytech-447Research ArticleМАШИНОСТРОЕНИЕ И МАШИНОВЕДЕНИЕMACHINE BUILDING AND MACHINE SCIENCEАнализ прогрессивных технологий механообработки транспедикулярных винтовAnalysis of advanced transpedicular screw machining technologiesСавиловА. В.SavilovA. V.

Савилов Андрей Владиславович, кандидат технических наук, доцент, доцент кафедры технологии и оборудования машиностроительных производств

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Andrey V. Savilov, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of MechanicalEngineering Production Technologies and Equipment

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

saw@ex.istu.eduПятыхА. С.PyatykhA. S.

Пятых Алексей Сергеевич, кандидат технических наук, доцент кафедры технологии и оборудованиямашиностроительных производств

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Aleksey S. Pyatykh, Cand. Sci. (Eng.), Associate Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering ProductionTechnologies and Equipment

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

pyatykhas@ex.istu.eduТимофеевС. А.TimofeevS. A.

Тимофеев Сергей Анатольевич, младший научный сотрудник кафедры технологии и оборудования машиностроительных производств

664074, г. Иркутск, ул. Лермонтова, 83

Sergey A. Timofeev, Junior Researcher of the Department of Mechanical Engineering ProductionTechnologies and Equipment

83 Lermontov St., Irkutsk 664074

sevans@ex.istu.eduИркутский национальный исследовательский технический университетРоссияIrkutsk National Research Technical UniversityRussian Federation20201101202124611901198Copyright © Савилов А.В., Пятых А.С., Тимофеев С.А., 20212021Савилов А.В., Пятых А.С., Тимофеев С.А.Savilov A.V., Pyatykh A.S., Timofeev S.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://ipolytech.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/447

Цель – повышение эффективности процессов механической обработки транспедикулярных винтов из титановых сплавов на высокопроизводительном оборудовании на основе выбора прогрессивных технологич еских подходов, анализ современной технологии изготовления имплантов на станках с программным управлением типа токарный полуавтомат продольного точения. В качестве критериев оценки эффективности использовались производительность процесса, определяемая машинным временем, и качество обработки имплантов (шероховатость поверхности, геометрическая точность, механические свойства). Установлено, что токарные полуавтоматы продольного точения, оснащенные цанговой системой подачи прутка и приводными головками для вихревого нарезания резьбы, позволяют обрабатывать импланты типа транспедикулярного винта за один установ с максимальной эффективностью. Показано, что технология механообработки транспедикулярных винтов в значительной мере определяется особенностями их конструкции. Тип и форма резьбы оказывают наибольшее влияние на применяемый режущий инструмент и режимы резания. Анализ поломок винтов выявил, что основными причин ами являются конструктивные дефекты и низкое качество обработки резьбовой части. Установлено, что применение метода вихревого нарезания резьбы позволяет получить резьбу за один проход и значительно повысить производительность обработки по сравнению с традиционной технологией без потери качества. Дополнительными преимуществами данного метода являются сокращение количества используемых инструментов и дополнительных финишных операций для удаления заусенцев. На основании проведенного анализа рекомендовано при изготовлении транспедикулярных винтов из титановых сплавов применять прогрессивные режущие инструменты – фрезы для вихревого резьбонарезания, обеспечивающие увеличение производительности процесса обработки в 4 раза без потери качества обрабатываемого изделия; снизить шероховатость поверхности до 2 раз, при этом уменьшится температура в зоне резания, что будет положительно влиять на ресурс обработанных изделий. Для эффективного применения указанных фрез необходимо оснащать используемые в технологическом процессе станки специальными приводными головками.

Abstract: The purpose is to improve the machining efficiency of titanium alloy transpedicular screws on highperformance machine-tools based on the selection of advanced technological approaches, and to analyze the current manufacturing technology of implants on CNC machines of the semi-automatic longitudinal turning lathe type. The efficiency is assessed using the following criteria: process performance determined by the machine time and the quality of implant processing (surface roughness, geometric accuracy, mechanical properties). It is found that semi -automatic longitudinal lathes equipped with a collet feed system and drive heads for thread whirling allow processing the implants of the transpedicular screw type in a single set-up with maximum efficiency. It is shown that the machining technology of transpedicular screws is largely determined by the features of their design. The type and shape of the thread have the greatest influence on the used cutting tool and cutting modes. The analysis of screw breakages revealed that the main failure reasons are design defects and poor machining quality of the threaded part. It is determined that the use of the thread whirling method makes it possible to obtain the thread in one cutting pass and, therefore, significantly increase the machining performance compared to the traditional technology without any loss of quality. Additional advantages of this method are the reduction in the number of tools used and follow-on finishing deburring operations. Based on the conducted analysis the manufacture of transpedicular titanium alloy screws is recommended to perform using advanced cutting tools, primarily thread whirling cutters ensuring 4 times increase in machining performance without any loss of the processed item quality and 2 times reduced surface roughness. In this case the temperature in the cutting zone decreases, which has a positive effect on processed product service life. The condition for the effective use of the cutters is equipping of the machine-tools involved in the technological process with special drive heads.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.